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We present a set of practical benchmarks for $N$-qubit arrays that economically test the fidelity of achieving multi-qubit nonclassicality. The benchmarks are measurable correlators similar to 2-qubit Bell correlators, and are derived from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-29 Mordecai Waegell , Justin Dressel

We undertake experimental detection of the entanglement present in arbitrary three-qubit pure quantum states on an NMR quantum information processor. Measurements of only four observables suffice to experimentally differentiate between the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-06 Amandeep Singh , Harpreet Singh , Kavita Dorai , Arvind

We present entanglement witness operators for detecting genuine multipartite entanglement. These witnesses are robust against noise and require only two local measurement settings when used in an experiment, independent from the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Geza Toth , Otfried Guehne

Bell's test, initially devised to distinguish quantum theory from local hidden variable models through {violations of local bounds}, is also a common tool for detecting entanglement. For this purpose, one can assume the quantum description…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Liang-Liang Sun , Yong-Shun Song , Sixia Yu

Entanglement is one of the key resources required for quantum computation, so experimentally creating and measuring entangled states is of crucial importance in the various physical implementations of a quantum computer. In superconducting…

For parameter estimation from an $N$-component composite quantum system, it is known that a separable preparation leads to a mean-squared estimation error scaling as $1/N$ while an entangled preparation can in some conditions afford a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-04 Francois Chapeau-Blondeau

We develop an approach of quantifying entanglement in mixed quantum states by the optimal entanglement witness operator. We identify the convex set of mixed states for which a single witness provides the exact value of an entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-07 S. -S. B. Lee , H. -S. Sim

We show that the expectation value of squared correlations measured along random local directions is an identifier of quantum entanglement in pure states which can be directly experimentally assessed if two copies of the state were…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-18 Minh Cong Tran , Borivoje Dakic , Francois Arnault , Wieslaw Laskowski , Tomasz Paterek

Quantum Neural Networks (QNN) are considered a candidate for achieving quantum advantage in the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum computer (NISQ) era. Several QNN architectures have been proposed and successfully tested on benchmark datasets…

Quantum entanglement is a key resource in quantum computing and quantum information processing tasks. However, its quantification remains a major challenge since it cannot be directly extracted from physical observables. To address this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-29 Shruti Aggarwal , Trasha Gupta , R. K. Agrawal , S. Indu

Random local measurements have recently been proposed to construct entanglement witnesses and thereby detect the presence of bipartite entanglement. We experimentally demonstrate the efficacy of one such scheme on a two-qubit NMR quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-13 Amandeep Singh , Arvind , Kavita Dorai

Cloud-accessible quantum processors enable direct execution of quantum algorithms on heterogeneous hardware platforms. Unlike classical systems, however, identical quantum circuits may exhibit substantially different behavior across devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Askar Oralkhan , Temirlan Zhaxalykov

Entanglement is a key property in the development of quantum technologies and in the study of quantum many-body simulations. However, entanglement measurement typically requires quantum full-state tomography (FST). Here we present a neural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-20 Yulei Huang , Liangyu Che , Chao Wei , Feng Xu , Xinfang Nie , Jun Li , Dawei Lu , Tao Xin

Entanglement detection is a fundamental task in quantum information science, serving as a cornerstone for quantum benchmarking and foundational studies. With an increasing qubit number that can be effectively controlled, there is a pressing…

Witnessing entanglement is crucial in quantum information processing. With properly preparing ancillary states, it has been shown previously that genuine entanglement can be witnessed without trusting measurement devices. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-28 Qi Zhao , Xiao Yuan , Xiongfeng Ma

We again consider (as in a companion paper) an entangled two-particle state that is produced from two independent down-conversion sources by the process of "entanglement-swapping", so that the particles have never met. We show that there is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-01 Daniel Greenberger , Michael Horne , Anton Zeilinger , Marek Zukowski

Continuous-variable Gaussian entanglement is an attractive notion, both as a fundamental concept in quantum information theory, based on the well-established Gaussian formalism for phase-space variables, and as a practical resource in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 E. Shchukin , P. van Loock

We prove experimentally the predicted existence of a three-qubit quantum state with genuine multipartite entanglement which can be certified solely from its separable two-qubit reduced density matrices. The qubits are encoded into different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Michal Mičuda , Robert Stárek , Jan Provazník , Olga Leskovjanová , Ladislav Mišta,

Quantum technologies lead to a variety of applications that outperform their classical counterparts. In order to build a quantum device it must be verified that it operates below some error threshold. Recently, because of technological…

Quantum information science has profoundly changed the ways we understand, store, and process information. A major challenge in this field is to look for an efficient means for classifying quantum state. For instance, one may want to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-03 Yue-Chi Ma , Man-Hong Yung