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In many contemporary applications, large amounts of unlabeled data are readily available while labeled examples are limited. There has been substantial interest in semi-supervised learning (SSL) which aims to leverage unlabeled data to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-28 Jessica Gronsbell , Molei Liu , Lu Tian , Tianxi Cai

We consider the linear regression problem under semi-supervised settings wherein the available data typically consists of: (i) a small or moderate sized 'labeled' data, and (ii) a much larger sized 'unlabeled' data. Such data arises…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-02 Abhishek Chakrabortty , Tianxi Cai

Data integration methods aim to extract low-dimensional embeddings from high-dimensional outcomes to remove unwanted variations, such as batch effects and unmeasured covariates, across heterogeneous datasets. However, multiple hypothesis…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-15 Jin-Hong Du , Kathryn Roeder , Larry Wasserman

We analyze a lightweight simulation-based inference method that infers simulator parameters using only a regression-based projection of the observed data. After fitting a surrogate linear regression once, the procedure simulates small…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-04 Arya Farahi , Jonah Rose , Paul Torrey

Risk-based active learning is an approach to developing statistical classifiers for online decision-support. In this approach, data-label querying is guided according to the expected value of perfect information for incipient data points.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Aidan J. Hughes , Lawrence A. Bull , Paul Gardner , Nikolaos Dervilis , Keith Worden

The paper proposes and investigates an approach for surrogate-assisted performance prediction of data-driven knowledge discovery algorithms. The approach is based on the identification of surrogate models for prediction of the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Anastasia A. Funkner , Aleksey N. Yakovlev , Sergey V. Kovalchuk

In semi-supervised learning, the prevailing understanding suggests that observing additional unlabeled samples improves estimation accuracy for linear parameters only in the case of model misspecification. In this work, we challenge such a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Kai Chen , Yuqian Zhang

This work presents a data-driven method for learning low-dimensional time-dependent physics-based surrogate models whose predictions are endowed with uncertainty estimates. We use the operator inference approach to model reduction that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-19 Shane A. McQuarrie , Anirban Chaudhuri , Karen E. Willcox , Mengwu Guo

We present a probabilistic deep learning methodology that enables the construction of predictive data-driven surrogates for stochastic systems. Leveraging recent advances in variational inference with implicit distributions, we put forth a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-16 Yibo Yang , Paris Perdikaris

By remarkably reducing real fitness evaluations, surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms (SAEAs), especially hierarchical SAEAs, have been shown to be effective in solving computationally expensive optimization problems. The success of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Xiaodong Ren , Daofu Guo , Zhigang Ren , Yongsheng Liang , An Chen

Machine learning models play a vital role in time series forecasting. These models, however, often overlook an important element: point uncertainty estimates. Incorporating these estimates is crucial for effective risk management, informed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Leonid Erlygin , Vladimir Zholobov , Valeriia Baklanova , Evgeny Sokolovskiy , Alexey Zaytsev

As researchers increasingly rely on machine learning models and LLMs to annotate unstructured data, such as texts or images, various approaches have been proposed to correct bias in downstream statistical analysis. However, existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Kentaro Nakamura

Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are increasingly collected as a means of measuring healthcare quality and value. The capability to predict such measures enables patient-provider shared decision making and the delivery of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-01 Jaeyoung Park , Muxuan Liang , Ying-Qi Zhao , Xiang Zhong

We consider the recovery of regression coefficients, denoted by $\boldsymbol{\beta}_0$, for a single index model (SIM) relating a binary outcome $Y$ to a set of possibly high dimensional covariates $\boldsymbol{X}$, based on a large but…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-03 Abhishek Chakrabortty , Matey Neykov , Raymond Carroll , Tianxi Cai

Minimizing prediction uncertainty on unlabeled data is a key factor to achieve good performance in semi-supervised learning (SSL). The prediction uncertainty is typically expressed as the \emph{entropy} computed by the transformed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Jing Li , Yuangang Pan , Ivor W. Tsang

Designing an inexpensive approximate surrogate model that captures the salient features of an expensive high-fidelity behavior is a prevalent approach in design optimization. In recent times, Deep Learning (DL) models are being used as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Harsh Vardhan , Janos Sztipanovits

In the era of information explosion, efficiently leveraging large-scale unlabeled data while minimizing the reliance on high-quality pixel-level annotations remains a critical challenge in the field of medical imaging. Semi-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Hongjie Zhu , Xiwei Liu , Rundong Xue , Zeyu Zhang , Yong Xu , Daji Ergu , Ying Cai , Yang Zhao

Simultaneous variable selection and statistical inference is challenging in high-dimensional data analysis. Most existing post-selection inference methods require explicitly specified regression models, which are often linear, as well as…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-19 Shangyuan Ye , Shauna Rakshe , Ye Liang

Surrogate models are often used as computationally efficient approximations to complex simulation models, enabling tasks such as solving inverse problems, sensitivity analysis, and probabilistic forward predictions, which would otherwise be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-13 Philipp Reiser , Paul-Christian Bürkner , Anneli Guthke

The data-centric construction of inexpensive surrogates for fine-grained, physical models has been at the forefront of computational physics due to its significant utility in many-query tasks such as uncertainty quantification. Recent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-17 Maximilian Rixner , Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis