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We give a brief introduction to matrix models and the group field theory (GFT) formalism as realizations of the idea of a third quantization of gravity, and present in some more detail the idea and basic features of a continuum third…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-24 Steffen Gielen , Daniele Oriti

We equip the categorified quantum group attached to a KLR algebra and an arbitrary choice of scalars with duality functor which is cyclic, that is, such that f=f^** for all 2-morphisms f. This is accomplished via a modified diagrammatic…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2017-11-15 Anna Beliakova , Kazuo Habiro , Aaron D. Lauda , Ben Webster

A class of diffeomorphism invariant, physical observables, so-called astrometric observables, is introduced. A particularly simple example, the time delay, which expresses the difference between two initially synchronized proper time clocks…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-06-26 Igor Khavkine

Recently, a generally covariant reformulation of 2 dimensional flat spacetime free scalar field theory known as Parameterised Field Theory was quantized using Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) type `polymer' representations. Physical states were…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-30 Alok Laddha , Madhavan Varadarajan

We present an approach to the canonical quantization of systems with equations of motion that are historically called non-Lagrangian equations. Our viewpoint of this problem is the following: despite the fact that a set of differential…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 D. M. Gitman , V. G. Kupriyanov

We study the quantization of spherically symmetric vacuum spacetimes within loop quantum gravity. In particular, we give additional details about our previous work in which we showed that one could complete the quantization the model and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-20 Rodolfo Gambini , Javier Olmedo , Jorge Pullin

We present a new quantization scheme for $2D$ gravity coupled to an $SU(2)$ principal chiral field and a dilaton; this model represents a slightly simplified version of stationary axisymmetric quantum gravity. The analysis makes use of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 D. Korotkin , H. Nicolai

In canonical quantum gravity, the formal functional integral includes an integration over the local conformal factor, and we propose to perform the functional integral over this factor before doing any of the other functional integrals. By…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-10-05 Gerard 't Hooft

We study the deformation quantisation (Moyal quantisation) of general constrained Hamiltonian systems. It is shown how second class constraints can be turned into first class quantum constraints. This is illustrated by the O(N) non-linear…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Frank Antonsen

A quantum field theory is described which is a supersymmetric classical model. -- Supersymmetry generators of the system are used to split its Liouville operator into two contributions, with positive and negative spectrum, respectively. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Hans-Thomas Elze

Heisenberg's matrix formulation of quantum mechanics can be generalized to relativistic systems by evolving in light-front time tau = t+z/c. The spectrum and wavefunctions of bound states, such as hadrons in quantum chromodynamics, can be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Stanley J. Brodsky

Conventional approaches to quantum gravity regard quantum principles, such as nonlocality and superposition, as fundamental properties of nature and therefore argue that gravity must also be quantized. In contrast, this work introduces a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-16 Filip Strubbe

Loop quantum gravity is an approach to quantum gravity that starts from the Hamiltonian formulation in terms of a connection and its canonical conjugate. Quantization proceeds in the spirit of Dirac: First one defines an algebra of basic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jerzy Lewandowski , Andrzej Okolow , Hanno Sahlmann , Thomas Thiemann

Parametrized field theory (PFT) is free field theory on flat spacetime in a diffeomorphism invariant disguise. It describes field evolution on arbitrary foliations of the flat spacetime instead of only the usual flat ones, by treating the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-30 Madhavan Varadarajan

In this work, our aim is to obtain a Hamiltonian formulation suitable for canonical quantization. Moreover, we assume that the early Universe can be described with fewer initial symmetries, thus we abandon the isotropy assumption and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-17 Alice Boldrin

We apply a recent proposal for defining states and observables in quantum gravity to simple models. First, we consider a Klein-Gordon particle in an ex- ternal potential in Minkowski space and compare our proposal to the theory ob- tained…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 A. Higuchi , R. M. Wald

Canonical quantisation gives a new and convenient finite-temperature perturbation theory in covariant gauges, and solves the problem of the zero-frequency mode in the temporal gauge. [Talk at Workshop on Thermal Field Theories and their…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 P V Landshoff

We give a general procedure, in the group field theory (GFT) formalism for quantum gravity, for constructing states that describe macroscopic, spatially homogeneous universes. These states are close to coherent (condensate) states used in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-06-06 Steffen Gielen , Daniele Oriti , Lorenzo Sindoni

The relation between symmetry reduction before and after quantization of a field theory is discussed using a toy model: the axisymmetric Klein-Gordon field. We consider three possible notions of symmetry at the quantum level: invariance…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Jonathan Engle

Starting with the generally well accepted opinion that quantizing an arbitrary Hamiltonian system involves picking out some additional structure on the classical phase space (the {\sl shadow} of quantum mechanics in the classical theory),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 J. R. Klauder , P. Maraner