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The Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model is one of the most widely-used approaches to seismic forecasting. However most studies of ETAS use point estimates for the model parameters, which ignores the inherent uncertainty that…

Applications · Statistics 2021-09-14 Gordon J Ross

The Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequences (ETAS) model and its variants effectively capture the space-time clustering of seismicity, setting the standard for earthquake forecasting. Accurate unbiased ETAS calibration is thus crucial. But we…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-23 Jiawei Li , Didier Sornette , Zhongliang Wu , Jiancang Zhuang , Changsheng Jiang

The ETAS model is widely employed to model the spatio-temporal distribution of earthquakes, generally using spatially invariant parameters. We propose an efficient method for the estimation of spatially varying parameters, using the…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Shyam Nandan , Guy Ouillon , Stefan Wiemer , Didier Sornette

The scientific process of earthquake forecasting involves estimating the probability and intensity of earthquakes in a specific area within a certain timeframe, based on seismic activity laws and observational data. Epidemic-Type Aftershock…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-10-05 Haoyuan Zhang , Shuya Ke , Wenqi Liu , Yongwen Zhang

A prominent feature of earthquakes is their empirical laws including memory (clustering) in time and space. Several earthquake forecasting models, like the EpidemicType Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model, were developed based on earthquake…

Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) models are point processes that have found prominence in seismological modeling. Its success has led to the development of a number of different versions of the ETAS model. Among these extensions is…

Applications · Statistics 2022-07-06 Tom Stindl , Feng Chen

Performing Bayesian inference for the Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model of earthquakes typically requires MCMC sampling using the likelihood function or estimating the latent branching structure. These tasks have computational…

Applications · Statistics 2024-05-29 Samuel Stockman , Daniel J. Lawson , Maximilian J. Werner

The Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model is widely used to model seismic sequences and underpins Operational Earthquake Forecasting (OEF). However, it remains challenging to assess the reliability of inverted ETAS parameters for a…

Applications · Statistics 2022-12-16 Mark Naylor , Francesco Serafini , Finn Lindgren , Ian Main

Seismicity and faulting within the Earth crust are characterized by many scaling laws that are usually interpreted as qualifying the existence of underlying physical mechanisms associated with some kind of criticality in the sense of phase…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 Shyam Nandan , Sumit Kumar Ram , Guy Ouillon , Didier Sornette

Currently, one of the best performing and most popular earthquake forecasting models rely on the working hypothesis that: "locations of past background earthquakes reveal the probable location of future seismicity". As an alternative, we…

Geophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Shyam Nandan , Guy Ouillon , Didier Sornette , Stefan Wiemer

Point processes have been dominant in modeling the evolution of seismicity for decades, with the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model being most popular. Recent advances in machine learning have constructed highly flexible point…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-10-04 Samuel Stockman , Daniel J. Lawson , Maximilian J. Werner

Earthquake nowcasting has been proposed as a means of tracking the change in large earthquake potential in a seismically active area. The method was developed using observable seismic data, in which probabilities of future large earthquakes…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-10-24 Ian Baughman , John B Rundle , Tianjin Zhang

The ETAS models are currently the most popular in the field of earthquake forecasting. The MCMC method is time-consuming and limited by parameter correlation while bringing parameter uncertainty. The INLA-based method "inlabru" solves these…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-17 Ziwen Zhong

Self-exciting Hawkes processes are used to model events which cluster in time and space, and have been widely studied in seismology under the name of the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model. In the ETAS framework, the occurrence…

Computation · Statistics 2020-02-06 Aleksandar A. Kolev , Gordon J. Ross

Earthquakes are one of the most devastating natural disasters that plague society. A skilled, reliable earthquake forecasting remains the ultimate goal for seismologists. Using the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and conditional…

The Himalayan region, including Nepal, is prone to frequent and large earthquakes. Accurate forecasting of these earthquakes is crucial for minimizing loss of life and damage to infrastructure. In this study, we propose various time-scaled…

Applications · Statistics 2025-08-07 Agniva Das , Muralidharan K

We present two models for estimating the probabilities of future earthquakes in California, to be tested in the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP). The first, time-independent model, modified from Helmstetter et…

Geophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 M. J. Werner , A. Helmstetter , D. D. Jackson , Y. Y. Kagan

The spatio-temporal Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model is widely used to describe the self-exciting nature of earthquake occurrences. While traditional inference methods provide only point estimates of the model parameters, we…

As part of an effort to develop a systematic methodology for earthquake forecasting, we use a simple model of seismicity based on interacting events which may trigger a cascade of earthquakes, known as the Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 A. Helmstetter , D. Sornette

Forecasting the full distribution of the number of earthquakes is revealed to be inherently superior to forecasting their mean. Forecasting the full distribution of earthquake numbers is also shown to yield robust projections in the…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-03-19 Shyam Nandan , Guy Ouillon , Didier Sornette , Stefan Wiemer
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