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Variational quantum algorithms dominate contemporary gate-based quantum enhanced optimisation, eigenvalue estimation and machine learning. Here we establish the quantum computational universality of variational quantum computation by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-25 Jacob Biamonte

Quantum computing is an emerging technology in which quantum mechanical properties are suitably utilized to perform certain compute-intensive operations faster than classical computers. Quantum algorithms are designed as a combination of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Aravind Joshi , Akshara Kairali , Renju Raju , Adithya Athreya , Reena Monica P , Sanjay Vishwakarma , Srinjoy Ganguly

Variational (or, parameterized) quantum circuits are quantum circuits that contain real-number parameters, that need to be optimized/"trained" in order to achieve the desired quantum-computational effect. For that training, analytic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-19 Dirk Oliver Theis

Traditional quantum circuit optimization is performed directly at the circuit level. Alternatively, a quantum circuit can be translated to a ZX-diagram which can be simplified using the rules of the ZX-calculus, after which a simplified…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-16 Ryan Krueger

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising variational algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems on near-term devices. However, as the number of layers in a QAOA circuit increases, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Owain Parry , Phil McMinn

We consider the problem of estimating quantum observables on a collection of qubits, given as a linear combination of Pauli operators, with shallow quantum circuits consisting of single-qubit rotations. We introduce estimators based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-08 Stefan Hillmich , Charles Hadfield , Rudy Raymond , Antonio Mezzacapo , Robert Wille

We present an efficient approach to simulate real-time quantum dynamics using Projected Variational Quantum Dynamics (PVQD), where the computational cost is reduced by strategically optimizing only a subset of the variational parameters at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Harshdeep Singh , Sonjoy Majumder , Sabyashachi Mishra

Quantum computing is currently strongly limited by the impact of noise, in particular introduced by the application of two-qubit gates. For this reason, reducing the number of two-qubit gates is of paramount importance on noisy…

We present COGNAC, a novel strategy for compiling quantum circuits based on numerical optimization algorithms from scientific computing. Observing that shorter-duration "partially entangling" gates tend to be less noisy than the typical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-11 Finn Voichick , Leonidas Lampropoulos , Robert Rand

Classical optimization of parameterized quantum circuits is a widely studied methodology for the preparation of complex quantum states, as well as the solution of machine learning and optimization problems. However, it is well known that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Abhinav Deshpande , Marcel Hinsche , Khadijeh Najafi , Kunal Sharma , Ryan Sweke , Christa Zoufal

An important application for near-term quantum computing lies in optimization tasks, with applications ranging from quantum chemistry and drug discovery to machine learning. In many settings --- most prominently in so-called parametrized or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Maria Schuld , Ville Bergholm , Christian Gogolin , Josh Izaac , Nathan Killoran

Immense interest in quantum computing has prompted development of electronic structure methods that are suitable for quantum hardware. However, the slow pace at which quantum hardware progresses, forces researchers to implement their ideas…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-26 Ilya G. Ryabinkin , Seyyed Mehdi Hosseini Jenab , Scott N. Genin

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) offer the most promising path to obtaining quantum advantages via noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors. Such systems leverage classical optimization to tune the parameters of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-26 Sharu Theresa Jose , Osvaldo Simeone

In this study, we propose a new method for constrained combinatorial optimization using variational quantum circuits. Quantum computers are considered to have the potential to solve large combinatorial optimization problems faster than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Hyakka Nakada , Kotaro Tanahashi , Shu Tanaka

Current structure optimization algorithms optimize the structure of quantum circuit from scratch for each new task of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) without using any prior experience, which is inefficient and time-consuming.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 Chuangtao Chen , Zhimin He , Shenggen Zheng , Yan Zhou , Haozhen Situ

Constructing quantum circuits for efficient state preparation belongs to the central topics in the field of quantum information and computation. As the number of qubits grows fast, methods to derive large-scale quantum circuits are strongly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Peng-Fei Zhou , Rui Hong , Shi-Ju Ran

We study the implementation of quantum channels with quantum computers while minimizing the experimental cost, measured in terms of the number of Controlled-NOT (C-NOT) gates required (single-qubit gates are free). We consider three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-17 Raban Iten , Roger Colbeck , Matthias Christandl

We present a method to split quantum circuits of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to allow for parallel training and execution, that maximally exploits the limited number of qubits in hardware to solve large problem instances. We apply…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-07 Michele Cattelan , Sheir Yarkoni

Engineering the Hamiltonian of a quantum system is fundamental to the design of quantum systems. Automating Hamiltonian design through gradient-based optimization can dramatically accelerate this process. However, computing the gradients of…

Constructing general programmable circuits to be able to run any given unitary operator efficiently on a quantum processor is of fundamental importance. We present a new quantum circuit design technique resulting two general programmable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-24 Anmer Daskin , Ananth Grama , Giorgos Kollias , Sabre Kais
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