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We present theory and algorithms to perform an all-sky coherent search for periodic signals of gravitational waves in narrow-band data of a detector. Our search is based on a statistic, commonly called the $\mathcal{F}$-statistic, derived…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Pia Astone , Kazimierz M. Borkowski , Piotr Jaranowski , Andrzej Królak , Maciej Pietka

We develop a method to perform an untargeted Bayesian search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds that can efficiently and accurately reconstruct the background intensity map. Our method employs an analytic marginalization of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-06 Adrian Ka-Wai Chung , Nicolas Yunes

The F-statistic is an optimal detection statistic for continuous gravitational waves, i.e., long-duration (quasi-)monochromatic signals with slowly-varying intrinsic frequency. This method was originally developed in the context of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Reinhard Prix , John T. Whelan

We present a method for assigning a statistical significance to detection candidates in targeted searches for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars, without assuming the detector noise is Gaussian and stationary. We take…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-04 Maximiliano Isi , Simone Mastrogiovanni , Matthew Pitkin , Ornella Juliana Piccinni

It is expected that gravitational waves, similar to electromagnetic waves, can be gravitationally lensed by intervening matters, producing multiple instances of the same signal arriving at different times from different apparent luminosity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-14 Rico K. L. Lo , Ignacio Magana Hernandez

When a gravitational wave encounters a massive object along the line of sight, repeated copies of the original signal may be produced due to gravitational lensing. In this paper, we develop a series of new machine-learning based statistical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-09 Giulia Campailla , Marco Raveri , Wayne Hu , Jose María Ezquiaga

The F-statistic, derived by Jaranowski, Krolak & Schutz (1998), is the optimal (frequentist) statistic for the detection of nearly periodic gravitational waves from known neutron stars, in the presence of stationary, Gaussian detector…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Curt Cutler , Bernard F. Schutz

Detection of quasi-monochromatic, long-duration (continuous) gravitational wave radiation emitted by, e.g., asymmetric rotating neutron stars in our Galaxy requires a long observation time to distinguish it from the detector's noise. If…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-29 Sudhagar Suyamprakasam , Sreekanth Harikumar , Paweł Ciecieląg , Przemysław Figura , Michał Bejger , Marek Biesiada

Marginal optima are minima or maxima of a function with many nearly flat directions. In settings with many competing optima, marginal ones tend to attract algorithms and physical dynamics. Often, the important family of marginal attractors…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-12-03 Jaron Kent-Dobias

Inspiraling compact binaries have been identified as one of the most promising sources of gravitational waves for interferometric detectors. Most of these binaries are expected to have circularized by the time their gravitational waves…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Karl Martel , Eric Poisson

Standard methodologies for the extraction of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) from auto- or cross-correlation of interferometric signals often involve the use of a filter function. The standard optimal filter maximizes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-16 Davide Poletti

All scientific claims of gravitational wave discovery to date rely on the offline statistical analysis of candidate observations in order to quantify significance relative to background processes. The current foundation in such offline…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-12 Michael Andrews , Manfred Paulini , Luke Sellers , Alexey Bobrick , Gianni Martire , Haydn Vestal

Future searches for a gravitational-wave background using Earth-based gravitational-wave detectors might be impacted by correlated noise sources. A well known example are the Schumann resonances, which are extensively studied in the context…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-20 Kamiel Janssens , Thomas A. Callister , Nelson Christensen , Michael W. Coughlin , Ioannis Michaloliakos , Jishnu Suresh , Nick van Remortel

Searches for gravitational-wave signals are often based on maximizing a detection statistic over a bank of waveform templates, covering a given parameter space with a variable level of correlation. Results are often evaluated using a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-15 Rodrigo Tenorio , Luana M. Modafferi , David Keitel , Alicia M. Sintes

Gravitational lensing by compact, small-scale intervening masses causes frequency-dependent distortions to gravitational-wave events. The optimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is often used as a proxy for the detectability of exotic signals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-14 Juno C. L. Chan , Eungwang Seo , Alvin K. Y. Li , Heather Fong , Jose M. Ezquiaga

Gravitational waves emitted during compact binary coalescences are a promising source for gravitational-wave detector networks. The accuracy with which the location of the source on the sky can be inferred from gravitational wave data is a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-17 K. Grover , S. Fairhurst , B. F. Farr , I. Mandel , C. Rodriguez , T. Sidery , A. Vecchio

Many searches for continuous gravitational waves face significant computational challenges due to the need to explore large parameter spaces characterized by unknown parameters. Parameter-space metrics are used to predict the relative loss…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-18 P. B. Covas , R. Prix

While gravitational waves have not yet been measured directly, data analysis from detection experiments commonly includes an upper limit statement. Such upper limits may be derived via a frequentist or Bayesian approach; the theoretical…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-03-19 Christian Röver , Chris Messenger , Reinhard Prix

Once upon a time, predictions for the accuracy of inference on gravitational-wave signals relied on computationally inexpensive but often inaccurate techniques. Recently, the approach has shifted to actual inference on noisy signals with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-09 Carl-Johan Haster , Ilya Mandel , Will M. Farr

The statistical significance of a candidate gravitational-wave (GW) event is crucial to the prospects for a confirmed detection, or for its selection as a candidate for follow-up electromagnetic observation. To determine the significance of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-25 Collin Capano , Thomas Dent , Chad Hanna , Martin Hendry , Yi-Ming Hu , Chris Messenger , John Veitch