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JSON Schema is an important, evolving standard schema language for families of JSON documents. It is based on a complex combination of structural and Boolean assertions, and features negation and recursion. The static analysis of JSON…
JSON Schema is an evolving standard for describing families of JSON documents. It is a logical language, based on a set of assertions that describe features of the JSON value under analysis and on logical or structural combinators for these…
JSON Schema is the de facto standard for describing the structure of JSON documents. Reasoning about JSON Schema inclusion -- whether every instance satisfying a schema S1 also satisfies a schema S2 -- is a key building block for a variety…
Semi-structured data formats such as JSON have proved to be useful data models for applications that require flexibility in the format of data stored. However, JSON data often come without the schemas that are typically available with…
In this paper, we study the usage of negation in JSON Schema data modeling. Negation is a logical operator that is rarely present in type systems and schema description languages, since it complicates decision problems. As a consequence,…
JSON Schema is a logical language used to define the structure of JSON values. JSON Schema syntax is based on nested schema objects. In all versions of JSON Schema until Draft-07, collectively known as Classical JSON Schema, the semantics…
Despite the fact that JSON is currently one of the most popular formats for exchanging data on the Web, there are very few studies on this topic and there are no agreement upon theoretical framework for dealing with JSON. There- fore in…
This study investigates the structured generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs), focusing on producing valid JSON outputs against a given schema. Despite the widespread use of JSON in integrating language models with…
JSON is a popular data format used pervasively in web APIs, cloud computing, NoSQL databases, and increasingly also machine learning. JSON Schema is a language for declaring the structure of valid JSON data. There are validators that can…
JSON Schema is the de-facto standard schema language for JSON data. The language went through many minor revisions, but the most recent versions of the language added two novel features, dynamic references and annotation-dependent…
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a data encoding that allows structured data to be used in a standardized and straightforward manner across systems. Schemas for JSON-formatted data can be constructed using the JSON Schema standard,…
Despite its rising popularity as data format especially for web services, the software ecosystem around the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is not as widely distributed as that of XML. For both data formats there exist schema languages to…
JSON Schemas provide useful guardrails for developers of Web APIs to guarantee that the semi-structured JSON input provided by clients matches a predefined structure. This is important both to ensure the correctness of the data received as…
Reliably generating structured outputs has become a critical capability for modern language model (LM) applications. Constrained decoding has emerged as the dominant technology across sectors for enforcing structured outputs during…
Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) places models at the core of system and data engineering processes. In the context of research data, these models are typically expressed as schemas that define the structure and semantics of datasets.…
We propose a logical framework, based on Datalog, to study the foundations of querying JSON data. The main feature of our approach, which we call J-Logic, is the emphasis on paths. Paths are sequences of keys and are used to access the tree…
There has been substantial growth in the use of JSON-based grammars, as well as other standard data serialization languages, to create visualizations. Each of these grammars serves a purpose: some focus on particular computational tasks…
Semantic types are a more powerful and detailed way of describing data than atomic types such as strings or integers. They establish connections between columns and concepts from the real world, providing more nuanced and fine-grained…
A logic is presented for reasoning on iterated sequences of formulae over some given base language. The considered sequences, or "schemata", are defined inductively, on some algebraic structure (for instance the natural numbers, the lists,…
In this technical report, we present a formalisation of the MongoDB aggregation framework. Our aim is to identify a fragment that could serve as the starting point for an industry-wide standard for querying JSON document databases. We…