Related papers: Vector semi-inner products
Given an Archimedean vector lattice $E$, we present one elementary property of $E$ which is equivalent to the entire traditional list of axioms which makes $E$ a $\Phi$-algebra. We call a vector lattice with this property ``square closed".…
Paravectors just like integers have a ring structure. By introducing an integrated product we get geometric properties which make paravectors similar to vectors. The concepts of parallelism, perpendicularity and the angle are conceptually…
In this paper we develop a duality theory for all finite-dimensional near-vector spaces and introduce a notion of inner product tailored to the broad and natural class of strongly regular near-vector spaces. This generalized construction…
First of all, we recall the well known notion of semidirect product both for classical algebraic structures (like groups and rings) and for more recent ones (digroups, left skew braces, heaps, trusses). Then we analyse the concept of…
We prove an identity for sesquilinear maps from the Cartesian square of a vector space to a geometric mean closed Archimedean (real or complex) vector lattice, from which the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality follows. A reformulation of this result…
Semi-inner-products in the sense of Lumer are extended to convex functionals. This yields a Hilbert-space like structure to convex functionals in Banach spaces. In particular, a general expression for semi-inner-products with respect to one…
We consider the vector functions in a domain homeomorphic to a spherical layer bounded by twice continuously differentiable surfaces. Additional restrictions are imposed on the domain, which allow to conduct proofs using simple methods. On…
A classical tensor product $A \,\otimes\, B$ of complete lattices $A$ and $B$, consisting of all down-sets in $A \times B$ that are join-closed in either coordinate, is isomorphic to the complete lattice $Gal(A,B)$ of Galois maps from $A$…
An introductory overview of vector spaces, algebras, and linear geometries over an arbitrary commutative field is given. Quotient spaces are emphasized and used in constructing the exterior and the symmetric algebras of a vector space.…
We develop a theory of ordered *-vector spaces with an order unit. We prove fundamental results concerning positive linear functionals and states, and we show that the order (semi)norm on the space of self-adjoint elements admits multiple…
A new matrix product, called the semi-tensor product (STP), is briefly reviewed. The STP extends the classical matrix product to two arbitrary matrices. Under STP the set of matrices becomes a monoid (semi-group with identity). Some related…
Vector-space representations provide geometric tools for reasoning about the similarity of a set of objects and their relationships. Recent machine learning methods for deriving vector-space embeddings of words (e.g., word2vec) have…
In this paper there are considered some scalar valued groupoid bihomomorphism structures, being in fact the groupoid counterparts of the inner product notion originally defined for vectors. These bihomomorphisms, called here the semi-inner…
In this article, we discuss the equality of two inner products on a vector space. Particularly, we look at some geometric properties that are given to a vector space by an inner product namely, length and angle, and we ask under what…
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for a family of inner products in a finite-dimensional vector space $V$ over an arbitrary field $\mathbb{K}$ to have an orthogonal basis relative to all the inner products. Some applications to…
Geometric algebra is the natural outgrowth of the concept of a vector and the addition of vectors. After reviewing the properties of the addition of vectors, a multiplication of vectors is introduced in such a way that it encodes the famous…
We introduce an algebraic structure we call semiquandles whose axioms are derived from flat Reidemeister moves. Finite semiquandles have associated counting invariants and enhanced invariants defined for flat virtual knots and links. We…
In three-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the scalar product produces a number associated to two vectors, while the vector product computes a vector perpendicular to them. These are key tools of physics, chemistry and engineering and…
Let $X$ be an ordered vector space. The net $\{x_\alpha\}\subseteq X$ is semi unbounded order convergent to $x$ (in symbol $x_\alpha\xrightarrow{suo}x$), if there is a net $\{y_\beta\}$, possibly over a different index set, such that…
A specialization semilattice is a semilattice together with a coarser preorder satisfying a compatibility condition. We show that the category of specialization semilattices is isomorphic to the category of semilattices with a congruence,…