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In this paper, we propose a practical adaptive coding modulation scheme to approach the capacity of free-space optical (FSO) channels with intensity modulation/direct detection based on probabilistic shaping. The encoder efficiently adapts…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ahmed Elzanaty , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) can flexibly vary the spectral efficiency (SE) of fiber-optic systems. In this paper, we demonstrate the application of PAS to bit-wise hard decision decoding (HDD) of product codes (PCs) by finding the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Alireza Sheikh , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Alex Alvarado

We consider probabilistic shaping to maximize the achievable information rate of coded modulation (CM) with hard decision decoding. The proposed scheme using binary staircase codes outperforms its uniform CM counterpart by more than 1.3 dB…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-08 Alireza Sheikh , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Gianluigi Liva

Optimal modulation (OM) schemes for Gaussian channels with peak and average power constraints are known to require nonuniform probability distributions over signal points, which presents practical challenges. An established way to map…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Basak Ozaydin , Muriel Médard , Ken Duffy

This work shows how non-binary low-density parity-check codes over GF($2^p$) can be combined with probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) (B\"ocherer, et al., 2015), which combines forward-error correction with non-uniform signaling for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Fabian Steiner , Gianluigi Liva , Georg Böcherer

A polar-coded modulation scheme for deep-space optical communication is proposed. The photon counting Poisson channel with pulse position modulation (PPM) is considered. We use the fact that PPM is particularly well suited to be used with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-10 Delcho Donev , Georg Böcherer

A scheme is proposed that combines probabilistic signal shaping with bit-metric decoding. The transmitter generates symbols according to a distribution on the channel input alphabet. The symbols are labeled by bit strings. At the receiver,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-22 Georg Böcherer

Probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) is a practical means to achieve a shaping gain in optical fiber communication. However, PAS and shaping in general also affect the signal-dependent generation of nonlinear interference. This provides an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Mohammad Taha Askari , Lutz Lampe , Jeebak Mitra

Probabilistic shaping (PS) has attracted significant attention in intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IM-DD) systems. However, due to the unique system model and inherent constraints, the effective application of the PS technique is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Dongdong Zou , Wei Wang , Jiawen Yao , Zhongxing Tian , Zeyu Feng , Huan Huang , Fan Li , Gordon Ning Liu , Gangxiang Shen , Yi Cai

Despite of the known gap from the Shannon's capacity, several standards are still employing QAM or star shape constellations, mainly due to the existing low complexity detectors. In this paper, we investigate the low complexity detection…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Farbod Kayhan

In this paper, a novel pinching-antenna assisted index modulation (PA-IM) scheme is proposed for improving the spectral efficiency without increasing the hardware complexity, where the information bits are conveyed not only by the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-13 Shuaixin Yang , Yijia Li , Yue Xiao , Yong Liang Guan , Xianfu Lei , Zhiguo Ding

Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) is widely employed in modern wireless communication systems to improve the transmission efficiency by adjusting the transmission rate according to the channel conditions. Thus, AMC can provide very…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2017-12-21 Zhe Yang , Lin Cai , Aaron Gulliver , Liang He , Jianping Pan

A practical communication channel often suffers from constraints on input other than the average power, such as the peak power constraint. In order to compare achievable rates with different constellations as well as the channel capacity…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-05-17 Shiro Ikeda , Kazunori Hayashi , Toshiyuki Tanaka

The optimal bit-wise demodulator for M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) over the additive white Gaussian noise channel is analyzed in terms of uncoded bit-error rate (BER). New closed-form BER expressions for 4-PAM with any labeling are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-07 Mikhail Ivanov , Fredrik Brannstrom , Alex Alvarado , Erik Agrell

A practical $2^m$-ary polar coded modulation (PCM) scheme with optimal constellation labeling is proposed. To efficiently find the optimal labeling rule, the search space is reduced by exploiting the symmetry properties of the channels.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-11 Kai Chen , Kai Niu , Jiaru Lin

Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) is considered an innovative technology in sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks, where utilizing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication signals for sensing provides a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Zhen Du , Jingjing Xu , Yifeng Xiong , Jie Wang , Musa Furkan Keskin , Henk Wymeersch , Fan Liu , Shi Jin

Parallel, additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels with an average sum power constraint are considered. It is shown how the waterfilling Shannon capacity can be approached by higher order modulation and probabilistic amplitude shaping…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Fabian Steiner , Georg Böcherer , Patrick Schulte

We numerically and experimentally investigate the laser phase noise tolerance of probabilistically shaped (PS) and uniformly shaped (US) quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals. In the simulations, we compare PS-64QAM to US-16QAM,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-16 Takeo Sasai , Asuka Matsushita , Masanori Nakamura , Seiji Okamoto , Fukutaro Hamaoka , Yoshiaki Kisaka

The capacity achieving probability mass function (PMF) of a finite signal constellation with an average power constraint is in most cases non-uniform. A common approach to generate non-uniform input PMFs is Huffman shaping, which consists…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-06-28 Georg Böcherer , Fabian Altenbach , Rudolf Mathar

Optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) have emerged as powerful techniques to enhance the performance of optical wireless communications (OWC) systems. While PCS improves…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Thanh V. Pham , Susumu Ishihara