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Background: Liver diseases present a significant global health challenge and often require costly, invasive diagnostics. Electrocardiography (ECG), a widely available and non-invasive tool, can enable the detection of liver disease by…

Automated grading of diabetic retinopathy (DR) faces several critical challenges: subtle inter-grade visual distinctions in fine-grained lesion patterns, distributional discrepancies induced by heterogeneous imaging devices and acquisition…

DRDr II is a hybrid of machine learning and deep learning worlds. It builds on the successes of its antecedent, namely, DRDr, that was trained to detect, locate, and create segmentation masks for two types of lesions (exudates and…

Medical image classification and segmentation based on deep learning (DL) are emergency research topics for diagnosing variant viruses of the current COVID-19 situation. In COVID-19 computed tomography (CT) images of the lungs, ground glass…

Accurate staging of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is essential for guiding timely interventions and preventing vision loss. However, current staging models are hardly interpretable, and most public datasets contain no clinical reasoning or…

Lesion detection, symptom tracking, and visual explainability are central to real-world medical image analysis, yet current medical Vision-Language Models (VLMs) still lack mechanisms that translate their broad knowledge into clinically…

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic lung condition characterized by airflow obstruction. Current diagnostic methods primarily rely on identifying prominent features in spirometry (Volume-Flow time series) to detect…

Respiratory diseases remain major global health challenges, and traditional auscultation is often limited by subjectivity, environmental noise, and inter-clinician variability. This study presents an explainable multimodal deep learning…

Cancer patients have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality than the general population. Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening offers an opportunity for simultaneous CVD risk estimation in at-risk…

Background: Early forecasts of dengue are an important tool for disease mitigation. Neural networks are powerful predictive models that have made contributions to many areas of public health. In this study, we reviewed the application of…

Introduction: For COVID-19 patients accurate prediction of disease severity and mortality risk would greatly improve care delivery and resource allocation. There are many patient-related factors, such as pre-existing comorbidities that…

Clinical decision-making is inherently complex and fast-paced, particularly in emergency departments (EDs) where critical, rapid and high-stakes decisions are made. Clinical Decision Rules (CDRs) are standardized evidence-based tools that…

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) are highly contagious viral diseases affecting cattle, causing significant economic losses and welfare challenges. Their visual diagnosis is complicated by significant symptom…

Artificial intelligence and deep learning are increasingly applied in the clinical domain, particularly for early and accurate disease detection using medical imaging and sound. Due to limited trained personnel, there is a growing demand…

Computed tomography (CT) examinations are commonly used to predict lung nodule malignancy in patients, which are shown to improve noninvasive early diagnosis of lung cancer. It remains challenging for computational approaches to achieve…

Disease complications can alter vascular network morphology and disrupt tissue functioning. Diabetic retinopathy, for example, is a complication of types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus that can cause blindness. Microvascular diseases are…

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) demonstrate strong performance in dermatology; however, evaluating diagnostic reasoning for rare conditions remains largely unexplored. Existing benchmarks focus on common diseases and assess only final…

Based on official estimates, 50 million people worldwide are affected by dementia, and this number increases by 10 million new patients every year. Without a cure, clinical prognostication and early intervention represent the most effective…

Static maps and animations remain popular in spatial epidemiology of dengue, limiting the analytical depth and scope of visualisations. Over half of the global population live in dengue endemic regions. Understanding the spatiotemporal…

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease developed in human brain and spinal cord, which can cause permanent damage or deterioration of the nerves. The severity of MS disease is monitored by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS),…