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The lunar Askaryan technique, which involves searching for Askaryan radio pulses from particle cascades in the outer layers of the Moon, is a method for using the lunar surface as an extremely large detector of ultra-high-energy particles.…

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a powerful tool for monitoring surface deformation with high precision. However, low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) conditions, common in regions with low backscatter, can degrade phase…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-10 Emre Havazli , Shadi Oveisgharan , Michael Denbina , Brian Hawkins

Moisture estimation of sub-surface soil and the overlaying biomass layer is pivotal in precision agriculture and wildfire risk assessment. However, the characterization of layered material is nontrivial due to the radar…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-01 Ishfaq Aziz , Elahe Soltanaghai , Adam Watts , Mohamad Alipour

This paper introduces a new and novel radar interferometry based on Doppler synthetic aperture radar (Doppler-SAR) paradigm. Conventional SAR interferometry relies on wideband transmitted waveforms to obtain high range resolution.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Birsen Yazici , Il-Young Son , H. Cagri Yanik

This is the first of two papers describing the second data release (DR2) of the Australia Telescope Large Area Survey (ATLAS) at 1.4 GHz, which comprises deep wide-field observations in total intensity, linear polarization, and circular…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 C. A. Hales , R. P. Norris , B. M. Gaensler , E. Middelberg , K. E. Chow , A. M. Hopkins , M. T. Huynh , E. Lenc , M. Y. Mao

The Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) experiment has accumulated 50 years of range data of improving accuracy from ground stations to the laser retroreflector arrays (LRAs) on the lunar surface. The upcoming decade offers several opportunities to…

Incoherent processing for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a promising approach that enables low implementation costs, simplified hardware designs and operations in high frequency spectrum compared to the conventional imaging methods using…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Samia Kazemi , Bariscan Yonel , Birsen Yazici

The NASA dual-frequency, dual-polarization, Doppler radar (D3R) is an important ground validation tool for the global precipitation measurement (GPM) mission dual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR). The D3R has undergone extensive field…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-29 Mohit Kumar , Shashank Joshil , Manuel Vega , Robert Beauchamp , V Chandrasekar

Faraday tomography allows us to map diffuse polarized synchrotron emission from our Galaxy and use it to interpret the magnetic field in the interstellar medium (ISM). We have applied Faraday tomography to 60 observations from the LOFAR…

SARAS is a correlation spectrometer purpose designed for precision measurements of the cosmic radio background and faint features in the sky spectrum at long wavelengths that arise from redshifted 21-cm from gas in the reionization epoch.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-25 Nipanjana Patra , Ravi Subrahmanyan , A. Raghunathan , N. Udaya Shankar

This article is written to serve as an introduction and survey of imaging with synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The reader will benefit from having some familiarity with harmonic analysis, electromagnetic radiation, and inverse problems.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-10-24 Toby Sanders , Christian Dwyer , Rodrigo B. Platte

We present a high-power continuous-wave (CW) lunar laser ranging (LLR) technique that has the potential to significantly improve Earth--Moon distance measurements. Using a 1 kW CW laser at 1064 nm and a 1 m-aperture telescope as an example,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-01 Slava G. Turyshev

Spectroscopic investigations provide important insights into the composition of luminescence emissions relevant to trapped-charge dating of sediments. Accurate wavelength calibration and a correction for the wavelength-dependent detection…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-08-16 Mariana Sontag-González , Dirk Mittelstraß , Sebastian Kreutzer , Markus Fuchs

The Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) is an ideal instrument to conduct deep extragalactic surveys. It has a large field of view and is sensitive to large scale and compact emission. It is, however, very challenging to synthesize thermal noise…

Ceres, the dwarf planet in the main asteroid belt, hosts heavily cratered surfaces where craters are continuously eroded mainly due to impact bombardment with a limited influence by non-impact processes. Over continuous bombardment, such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-20 Reem Vitale , Masatoshi Hirabayashi

The global 21 cm signal from Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), at redshifts $z \sim 6-30$, probes the nature of first sources of radiation as well as physics of the Inter-Galactic Medium (IGM). Given that the signal is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-25 Saurabh Singh , Ravi Subrahmanyan , N. Udaya Shankar , Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao , B. S. Girish , A. Raghunathan , R. Somashekar , K. S. Srivani

Lunar laser ranging (LLR) currently delivers mm-class tests of relativistic gravity and the lunar interior, but further gains are limited by photon-starved pulsed systems, array-induced pulse broadening, and atmospheric variability. This…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-20 Slava G. Turyshev

We model the optical to far-infrared SEDs of a sample of six type-1 and six type-2 quasars selected in the mid-infrared. The objects in our sample are matched in mid-IR luminosity and selected based on their Spitzer IRAC colors. We obtained…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Kyle D. Hiner , Gabriela Canalizo , Mark Lacy , Anna Sajina , Lee Armus , Susan Ridgway , Lisa Storrie-Lombardi

The X-ray spectrum of the Galactic microquasar SS 433 contains a rich set of emission lines of highly ionized atoms of heavy elements whose significant Doppler shift leaves no doubt that they are produced in collimated relativistic jets of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-27 P. Medvedev , I. Khabibullin , S. Sazonov

This paper introduces and analyzes the concept of a cognitive inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) ensuring spectral compatibility in crowded electromagnetic environments. In such a context, the proposed approach alternates between…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-14 Massimo Rosamilia , Augusto Aubry , Alessio Balleri , Antonio De Maio , Marco Martorella