Related papers: Crystals in the 19th century glass beads
Glass corrosion is a crucial problem in keeping and conservation of beadworks in museums. All kinds of glass beads undergo deterioration but blue-green lead-potassium glass beads of the 19th century are subjected to the destruction to the…
Presently, deterioration of glass beads is a significant problem in conservation and restoration of beaded exhibits in museums. Glass corrosion affects nearly all kinds of beads but cloudy blue-green ones are more than others subjected to…
Blue-green historical beads are sometimes referred to as instable ones because of their degradability. At present, the cause of the phenomenon of deterioration of the blue-green beads is unknown. We explore internal microstucture of…
Glasses constitute a widespread form of solid matter, and glass production has been an important human technology for more than 3000 years. Despite that long history, new ways to understand the fundamental physics of glasses continue to…
The use of inorganic crystals technology has been widely date. Since quartz crystals for watches in the nineteenth century, and common way radio in the early twentieth century, to computer chips with new semiconductor materials. Chemical…
Long-term corrosion of glass is studied using polarising light microscopy, FTIR and SEM including EDX and elemental mapping. Early 19th century beads made of lead-potassium glass are the object of the study. Non-uniformly distributed…
A wide range of materials can exist in microscopically disordered solid forms, referred to as amorphous solids or glasses. Such materials -- oxide glasses and metallic glasses, to polymer glasses, and soft solids such as colloidal glasses,…
Glass has long been considered a nonequilibrium material. The primary reason is its history-dependent properties: the obtained properties are not uniquely determined by two state variables alone, namely, temperature and volume, but are…
Crystals are paradigms of ordered structures. While order was once seen as synonymous with lattice periodic arrangements, the discoveries of incommensurate crystals and quasicrystals led to a more general perception of crystalline order,…
The article presents an experimental investigation of band-edge cathodoluminescence of CdZnSSe crystals that nucleated and grew in silicate glass melt during its production. We have studied Zn-rich red glass made for manufacture of seed…
Among the many physical properties, the amorphous state manifests itself in the most spectacular way in heat transport. Anomalously low thermal conductivity, its low-temperature dependence as a function of temperature, the presence of a…
Crystals are a state of matter characterised by periodic order. Yet crystalline materials can harbour disorder in many guises, such as non-repeating variations in composition, atom displacements, bonding arrangements, molecular…
Colloids are abundant in nature, science and technology, with examples ranging from milk to quantum dots and the "colloidal atom" paradigm. Similarly, liquid crystal ordering is important in contexts ranging from biological membranes to…
The physics of glasses can be studied from many viewpoints, from material scientists interested in the development of new materials to statistical physicists inventing new theoretical tools to deal with disordered systems. In these lectures…
Physicochemical characterization of materials is central to the field of science and engineering and is essential to design new/engineered materials with specific properties. Assays available for small-molecules, e.g., XRD, NMR, LC-MS,…
Crystallization represents the prime example of a disorder order transition. In realistic situations, however, container walls and impurities are frequently present and hence crystallization is heterogeneously seeded. Rarely the seeds are…
Crystallization from an amorphous atomic structure is usually seen as a spontaneous process in pursuit of a lower energy state, but for alloy systems it is often hard to elucidate because of the intrinsic structural and compositional…
Mixing theoretical topological structures with cutting-edge simulation methods, a recent study in Nature Communications has finally confirmed the existence of topological defects in glasses and their crucial role for plasticity.
Traditionally, the formation of amorphous shear bands (SBs) in crystalline materials has been undesirable, because SBs can nucleate voids and act as precursors to fracture. They also form as a final stage of accumulated damage. Only…
For materials science, diamond crystals are almost unrivaled for hardness and a range of other properties. Yet, when simply abstracting the carbon bonding structure as a geometric bar-and-joint periodic framework, it is far from rigid. We…