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We study a simple model of periodic contraction and extension of large intruders in a granular bed to understand the mechanism for swimming in an otherwise solid media. Using an event-driven simulation, we find optimal conditions that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 Takashi Shimada , Dirk Kadau , Troy Shinbrot , Hans J. Herrmann

Marine organisms manipulate their surrounding flow through their swimming dynamics, which affects the transport of their own odor cues. We demonstrate by direct numerical simulations how a group of swimmers, moving at intermediate Reynolds…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-04 Martin James , Francesco Viola , Agnese Seminara

The quest for the optimal navigation strategy in a complex environment is at the heart of microswimmer applications like cargo carriage or drug targeting to cancer cells. Here, we formulate a variational Fermat's principle for microswimmers…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-01-25 Benno Liebchen , Hartmut Löwen

Recently, an active microswimmer was constructed where a micron-sized droplet of bromine water was placed into a surfactant-laden oil phase. Due to a bromination reaction of the surfactant at the interface, the surface tension locally…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-01-12 Maximilian Schmitt , Holger Stark

Micron-scale swimmers move in the realm of negligible inertia, dominated by viscous drag forces. In this paper, we formulate the leading-order dynamics of a slender multi-link (N-link) microswimmer assuming small-amplitude undulations about…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-05-22 François Alouges , Antonio DeSimone , Laetitia Giraldi , Yizhar Or , Oren Wiezel

The navigation of micro-robots in complex flow environments is controlled by rheotaxis, the reorientation with respect to flow gradients. Here we demonstrate how payloads can be exploited to enhance the motion against flows. Using fully…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-26 Abdallah Daddi-Moussa-Ider , Maciej Lisicki , Arnold J. T. M. Mathijssen

The motion of microswimmers in complex flows is ruled by the interplay between swimmer propulsion and the dynamics induced by the fluid velocity field. Here we study the motion of a chiral microswimmer whose propulsion is provided by the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-06-08 Ji Zhang , Mauro Chinappi , Luca Biferale

We propose a computational method to solve optimal swimming problems, based on the boundary integral formulation of the hydrodynamic interaction between swimmer and surrounding fluid and direct constrained minimization of the energy…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-04-19 François Alouges , Antonio DeSimone , Luca Heltai

We investigate the self-locomotion of an elongated microswimmer by virtue of the unidirectional tangential surface treadmilling. We show that the propulsion could be almost frictionless, as the microswimmer is propelled forward with the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 Alexander M. Leshansky , Oded Kenneth , Omri Gat , Joseph E. Avron

The self-propulsion of artificial and biological microswimmers (i.e., active colloidal particles) has often been modelled by using a force and a torque entering into the overdamped equations for the Brownian motion of passive particles.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-07-10 Borge ten Hagen , Raphael Wittkowski , Daisuke Takagi , Felix Kümmel , Clemens Bechinger , Hartmut Löwen

Most classical work on the hydrodynamics of low-Reynolds-number swimming addresses deterministic locomotion in quiescent environments. Thermal fluctuations in fluids are known to lead to a Brownian loss of the swimming direction. As most…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-06-18 Mario Sandoval , Navaneeth K. M. , Ganesh Subramanian , Eric Lauga

Locomotion and transport of microorganisms in fluids is an essential aspect of life. Search for food, orientation toward light, spreading of off-spring, and the formation of colonies are only possible due to locomotion. Swimming at the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-26 Jens Elgeti , Roland G. Winkler , Gerhard Gompper

The swimming of a sphere immersed in a viscous incompressible fluid with inertia is studied for surface modulations of small amplitude on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equations. The mean swimming velocity and the mean rate of dissipation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-12-20 B. U. Felderhof , R. B. Jones

Smart active particles can acquire some limited knowledge of the fluid environment from simple mechanical cues and exert a control on their preferred steering direction. Their goal is to learn the best way to navigate by exploiting the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-05-02 Simona Colabrese , Kristian Gustavsson , Antonio Celani , Luca Biferale

When swimming at low Reynolds numbers, inertial effects are negligible and reciprocal movements cannot induce net motion. Instead, symmetry breaking is necessary to achieve net propulsion. Directed swimming can be supported by magnetic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-31 Theo Lequy , Andreas M. Menzel

Deformability is a central feature of many types of microswimmers, e.g. for artificially generated self-propelled droplets. Here, we analyze deformable bead-spring microswimmers in an externally imposed solvent flow field as simple…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-03-01 Niklas Küchler , Hartmut Löwen , Andreas M. Menzel

Achieving macroscopic directed migration of microscale swimmers in a fluid is an important step towards utilizing their autonomous motion. It has been experimentally shown that directed motion can be induced, without any external fields, by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-09-14 Jiajun Tong , Michael J. Shelley

A system of ferromagnetic particles trapped at a liquid-liquid interface and subjected to a set of magnetic fields (magnetocapillary swimmers) is studied numerically using a hybrid method combining the pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann…

Artificial microswimmers are a new technology with promising microfluidics and biomedical applications, such as directed cargo transport, microscale assembly, and targeted drug delivery. A fundamental barrier to realising this potential is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-06-27 Thomas D. Montenegro-Johnson

Microscale propulsion is integral to numerous biomedical systems, for example biofilm formation and human reproduction, where the surrounding fluids comprise suspensions of polymers. These polymers endow the fluid with non-Newtonian…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-06-28 David A. Gagnon , Thomas D. Montenegro-Johnson