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The resurgence of deep neural networks has created an alternative pathway for low-dose computed tomography denoising by learning a nonlinear transformation function between low-dose CT (LDCT) and normal-dose CT (NDCT) image pairs. However,…

Low-dose CT (LDCT) imaging is desirable in many clinical applications to reduce X-ray radiation dose to patients. Inspired by deep learning (DL), a recent promising direction of model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) methods for LDCT…

The Error Diffusion Learning Algorithm (EDLA) is a learning scheme that performs synaptically local weight updates driven by a single, globally defined error signal. Although originally proposed as an alternative to backpropagation, its…

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods, such as LoRA, reduces the number of trainable parameters. However, they often suffer from scalability issues and differences between their learning pattern and full fine-tuning. To overcome these…

Image reconstruction from insufficient data is common in computed tomography (CT), e.g., image reconstruction from truncated data, limited-angle data and sparse-view data. Deep learning has achieved impressive results in this field.…

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans, which can effectively alleviate the radiation problem, will degrade the imaging quality. In this paper, we propose a novel LDCT reconstruction network that unrolls the iterative scheme and performs…

Deep-neural-network-based image reconstruction has demonstrated promising performance in medical imaging for under-sampled and low-dose scenarios. However, it requires large amount of memory and extensive time for the training. It is…

Deep learning based computed tomography (CT) reconstruction has demonstrated outstanding performance on simulated 2D low-dose CT data. This applies in particular to domain adapted neural networks, which incorporate a handcrafted physics…

The inverse-free extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm proposed in [4] was based on an inverse-free algorithm to compute the regularized pseudo-inverse, which was deduced from an inverse-free recursive algorithm to update the inverse of…

In the past few decades, to reduce the risk of X-ray in computed tomography (CT), low-dose CT image denoising has attracted extensive attention from researchers, which has become an important research issue in the field of medical images.…

We present a novel, fast (exponential rate adaption), ab initio (hyper-parameter-free) gradient based optimizer algorithm. The main idea of the method is to adapt the learning rate $\alpha$ by situational awareness, mainly striving for…

Reconstruction of few-view x-ray Computed Tomography (CT) data is a highly ill-posed problem. It is often used in applications that require low radiation dose in clinical CT, rapid industrial scanning, or fixed-gantry CT. Existing analytic…

Low Dose Computed Tomography suffers from a high amount of noise and/or undersampling artefacts in the reconstructed image. In the current article, a Deep Learning technique is exploited as a regularization term for the iterative…

In this paper we introduce a novel certified shape optimization strategy - named Certified Descent Algorithm (CDA) - to account for the numerical error introduced by the Finite Element approximation of the shape gradient. We present a…

The certified descent algorithm (CDA) is a gradient-based method for shape optimization which certifies that the direction computed using the shape gradient is a genuine descent direction for the objective functional under analysis. It…

This work proposes a green learning (GL) approach to restore medical images. Without loss of generality, we use low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) images as examples. LDCT images are susceptible to noise and artifacts, where the imaging…

In many modern computer application problems, the classification of image data plays an important role. Among many different supervised machine learning models, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) as…

The delta-bar-delta algorithm is recognized as a learning rate adaptation technique that enhances the convergence speed of the training process in optimization by dynamically scheduling the learning rate based on the difference between the…

Obtaining accurate and reliable images from low-dose computed tomography (CT) is challenging. Regression convolutional neural network (CNN) models that are learned from training data are increasingly gaining attention in low-dose CT…

Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a three-level hierarchical Bayesian model for topic inference. In spite of its great success, inferring the latent topic distribution with LDA is time-consuming. Motivated by the transfer learning…