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Machine learning (ML) models, demonstrably powerful, suffer from a lack of interpretability. The absence of transparency, often referred to as the black box nature of ML models, undermines trust and urges the need for efforts to enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Fatima Ezzeddine

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a crucial pathway in mitigating the risk of non-transparency in the decision-making process of black-box Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. However, despite the benefits, XAI methods are found…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Sonal Allana , Rozita Dara , Xiaodong Lin , Pulei Xiong

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged as a pillar of Trustworthy AI and aims to bring transparency in complex models that are opaque by nature. Despite the benefits of incorporating explanations in models, an urgent need is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sonal Allana , Mohan Kankanhalli , Rozita Dara

Model explanations provide transparency into a trained machine learning model's blackbox behavior to a model builder. They indicate the influence of different input attributes to its corresponding model prediction. The dependency of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Vasisht Duddu , Antoine Boutet

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has aided machine learning (ML) researchers with the power of scrutinizing the decisions of the black-box models. XAI methods enable looking deep inside the models' behavior, eventually generating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Maraz Mia , Mir Mehedi A. Pritom

Black-box machine learning models are being used in more and more high-stakes domains, which creates a growing need for Explainable AI (XAI). Unfortunately, the use of XAI in machine learning introduces new privacy risks, which currently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Sofie Goethals , Kenneth Sörensen , David Martens

As the adoption of explainable AI (XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Thanh Tam Nguyen , Thanh Trung Huynh , Zhao Ren , Thanh Toan Nguyen , Phi Le Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen

Recent development in the field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has helped improve trust in Machine-Learning-as-a-Service (MLaaS) systems, in which an explanation is provided together with the model prediction in response to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Truc Nguyen , Phung Lai , NhatHai Phan , My T. Thai

The success of deep neural networks has driven numerous research studies and applications from Euclidean to non-Euclidean data. However, there are increasing concerns about privacy leakage, as these networks rely on processing private data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zhanke Zhou , Jianing Zhu , Fengfei Yu , Xuan Li , Xiong Peng , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods are portrayed as a remedy for debugging and trusting statistical and deep learning models, as well as interpreting their predictions. However, recent advances in adversarial machine learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Hubert Baniecki , Przemyslaw Biecek

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) strategies play a crucial part in increasing the understanding and trustworthiness of neural networks. Nonetheless, these techniques could potentially generate misleading explanations. Blinding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Md Abdul Kadir , GowthamKrishna Addluri , Daniel Sonntag

Understanding the decisions made and actions taken by increasingly complex AI system remains a key challenge. This has led to an expanding field of research in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), highlighting the potential of…

Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) has gained important attraction as a means for deploying powerful predictive models, offering ease of use that enables organizations to leverage advanced analytics without substantial investments in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Fatima Ezzeddine , Rinad Akel , Ihab Sbeity , Silvia Giordano , Marc Langheinrich , Omran Ayoub

Since the mid-10s, the era of Deep Learning (DL) has continued to this day, bringing forth new superlatives and innovations each year. Nevertheless, the speed with which these innovations translate into real applications lags behind this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Saifullah Saifullah , Dominique Mercier , Adriano Lucieri , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

The unprecedented performance of machine learning models in recent years, particularly Deep Learning and transformer models, has resulted in their application in various domains such as finance, healthcare, and education. However, the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Milad Rogha

These days, deep learning models have achieved great success in multiple fields, from autonomous driving to medical diagnosis. These models have expanded the abilities of artificial intelligence by offering great solutions to complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Gopichandh Golla

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to uncover the decision-making processes of AI models. However, the data used for such explanations can pose security and privacy risks. Existing literature identifies attacks on machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Abdullah Caglar Oksuz , Anisa Halimi , Erman Ayday

In the past few years, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been implemented in almost all verticals of human life. However, the results generated from the AI models often lag explainability. AI models often appear as a blackbox…

Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a prominent method in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), providing intuitive and actionable insights into Machine Learning model decisions. In contrast to other traditional feature…

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging research field bringing transparency to highly complex and opaque machine learning (ML) models. Despite the development of a multitude of methods to explain the decisions of black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Leander Weber , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Alexander Binder , Wojciech Samek
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