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Suppose $c_n(\sigma)$ denotes the number of cyclic permutations in $\mathcal{S}_n$ that avoid a pattern $\sigma$. In this paper, we define partial groupoid structures on cyclic pattern-avoiding permutations that allow us to build larger…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Kassie Archer , Christina Graves , Robert Laudone

Partially ordered patterns (POPs) play an important role in the study of permutation patterns, providing a convenient framework for describing large families of classical patterns. The problem of enumerating permutations that avoid POPs has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Shiqi Cao , Huihua Gao , Sergey Kitaev , Yitian Li

We study groups generated by sets of pattern avoiding permutations. In the first part of the paper we prove some general results concerning the structure of such groups. In the second part we carry out a case-by-case analysis of groups…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-08 Marilena Barnabei , Niccolò Castronuovo , Matteo Silimbani

We completely classify the asymptotic behavior of the number of alternating sign matrices classically avoiding a single permutation pattern, in the sense of [Johansson and Linusson 2007]. In particular, we give a uniform proof of an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-15 Mathilde Bouvel , Eric S. Egge , Rebecca N. Smith , Jessica Striker , Justin M. Troyka

Babson and Steingr\'{\i}msson introduced generalized permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. Claesson presented a complete solution for the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Anders Claesson , Toufik Mansour

We study generating functions for the number of involutions in $S_n$ avoiding (or containing once) 132, and avoiding (or containing once) an arbitrary permutation $\tau$ on $k$ letters. In several interesting cases the generating function…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 O. Guibert , T. Mansour

We initiate an in-depth study of pattern avoidance on modified ascent sequences. Our main technique consists in using Stanley's standardization to obtain a transport theorem between primitive modified ascent sequences and permutations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Giulio Cerbai

In this paper we generalize permutations to plane permutations. We employ this framework to derive a combinatorial proof of a result of Zagier and Stanley, that enumerates the number of $n$-cycles $\omega$, for which $\omega(12\cdots n)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Ricky X. F. Chen , Christian M. Reidys

A bijection between $(31245,32145,31254,32154)$-avoiding permutations and $(31425,32415,31524,32514)$-avoiding permutations is constructed, which preserves five classical set-valued statistics. Combining with two codings of permutations due…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-23 Joanna N. Chen , Zhicong Lin

We study the fine structure of the sets of involutions avoiding either 4312 (I(4321)) or 3412 (I(3412)), connecting the point of view of the decomposition theorems with the one of the associated labelled Motzkin paths. The algebraic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-17 Piera Manara , Claudio Perelli Cippo

We consider avoidance of permutation patterns with designated gap sizes between pairs of consecutive letters. We call the patterns having such constraints distant patterns (DPs) and we show their relation to other pattern notions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-24 Stoyan Dimitrov

Permutations are usually enumerated by size, but new results can be found by enumerating them by inversions instead, in which case one must restrict one's attention to indecomposable permutations. In the style of the seminal paper by Simion…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Atli Fannar Franklín , Anders Claesson , Christian Bean , Henning Úlfarsson , Jay Pantone

In this paper, we find explicit formulas or generating functions for the cardinalities of the sets $S_n(T,\tau)$ of all permutations in $S_n$ that avoid a pattern $\tau\in S_k$ and a set $T$, $|T|\geq 2$, of patterns from $S_3$. The main…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 T. Mansour

A pattern class is a set of permutations closed under the formation of subpermutations. Such classes can be characterised as those permutations not involving a particular set of forbidden permutations. A simple collection of necessary and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. H. Albert , M. D. Atkinson , Robert Brignall

Following a question of J. Cooper, we study the expected number of occurrences of a given permutation pattern $q$ in permutations that avoid another given pattern $r$. In some cases, we find the pattern that occurs least often, (resp. most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-10-08 Miklos Bona

We show that the counting sequence for permutations avoiding both of the (classical) patterns 1243 and 2134 has the algebraic generating function supplied by Vaclav Kotesovec for sequence A164651 in The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 David Callan

The extension of pattern avoidance from ordinary permutations to those on multisets gave birth to several interesting enumerative results. We study permutations on regular multisets, i.e., multisets in which each element occurs the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-21 Marie-Louise Bruner

We consider the cycle structure of a random permutation $\sigma$ chosen uniformly from the symmetric group, subject to the constraint that $\sigma$ does not contain cycles of length exceeding $r.$ We prove that under suitable conditions the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-05-14 David Judkovich

We evaluate the probabilities of various events under the uniform distribution on the set of 312-avoiding permutations of 1,...,N. We derive exact formulas for the probability that the ith element of a random permutation is a specific value…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Neal Madras , Lerna Pehlivan

Refining an existing counting argument, we provide an improved upper bound for the number of 1324-avoiding permutations of a given length.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-16 Miklós Bóna