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Related papers: Contextuality and Random Variables

200 papers

Attribute weighting and differential weighting, two major mechanisms for computing context-dependent similarity or dissimilarity measures are studied and compared. A dissimilarity measure based on subset size in the context is proposed and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Yizong Cheng

Effective classicality of a property of a quantum system can be defined using redundancy of its record in the environment. This allows quantum physics to approximate the situation encountered in the classical world: The information about a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 W. H. Zurek

Causal systems often exhibit variations of the underlying causal mechanisms between the variables of the system. Often, these changes are driven by different environments or internal states in which the system operates, and we refer to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Wiebke Günther , Oana-Iuliana Popescu , Martin Rabel , Urmi Ninad , Andreas Gerhardus , Jakob Runge

In a causal world the direction of the time arrow dictates how past causal events in a variable $X$ produce future effects in $Y$. $X$ is said to cause an effect in $Y$, if the predictability (uncertainty) about the future states of $Y$…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2018-07-24 Ezequiel Bianco-Martinez , Murilo S. Baptista

Quantum measurements are noncontextual, with outcomes independent of which other commuting observables are measured at the same time, when consistently analyzed using principles of Hilbert space quantum mechanics rather than classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-06 Robert B. Griffiths

We define a measure of redundant information based on projections in the space of probability distributions. Redundant information between random variables is information that is shared between those variables. But in contrast to mutual…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-30 Malte Harder , Christoph Salge , Daniel Polani

Quantum contextuality is the notion that certain measurement scenarios do not admit a global description of their statistics and has been implicated as the source of quantum advantage in a number of quantum information protocols. It has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Philip A. LeMaitre

Generalized contextuality refers to our inability of explaining measurement statistics using a context-independent probabilistic and ontological model. On the other hand, measurement statistics can also be modeled using the framework of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Farid Shahandeh

The data of a physical experiment can be represented as a presheaf of probability distributions. A striking feature of quantum theory is that those probability distributions obtained in quantum mechanical experiments do not always admit a…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-02 Aziz Kharoof , Cihan Okay

The aim of this paper is to establish a theory of random variables on domains. Domain theory is a fundamental component of theoretical computer science, providing mathematical models of computational processes. Random variables are the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Michael W. Mislove

The noncontextuality of quantum mechanics can be directly tested by measuring two entangled particles with more than two outcomes per particle. The two associated contexts are "interlinked" by common observables.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-13 Karl Svozil

Contextuality is a necessary resource for universal quantum computation and non-contextual quantum mechanics can be simulated efficiently by classical computers in many cases. Orders of Planck's constant, $\hbar$, can also be used to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Lucas Kocia , Peter Love

In many cases, feature selection is often more complicated than identifying a single subset of input variables that would together explain the output. There may be interactions that depend on contextual information, i.e., variables that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-05-13 Antonio Sutera , Gilles Louppe , Vân Anh Huynh-Thu , Louis Wehenkel , Pierre Geurts

Kent [quant-ph/9906006] has constructed a hidden variable theory by taking the finite precision of physical measurements into account. But its claim to noncontextuality has been queried, and it shown here that there is a particularly simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. F. Boyle , R. L. Schafir

We show that the main idea behind contextuality-by-default (CbD), i.e., the assumption that a physical measurement has to be understood as a contextual collection of random variables, is implicit in the compatibility-hypergraph approach to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-06 Alisson Tezzin , Rafael Wagner , Barbara Amaral

Measurement incompatibility is the most basic resource that distinguishes quantum from classical physics. Contextuality is the critical resource behind the power of some models of quantum computation and is also a necessary ingredient for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Zhen-Peng Xu , Adán Cabello

Most models of complex systems have been homogeneous, i.e., all elements have the same properties (spatial, temporal, structural, functional). However, most natural systems are heterogeneous: few elements are more relevant, larger,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-12-22 Amahury Jafet López-Díaz , Fernanda Sánchez-Puig , Carlos Gershenson

Recently there has been much interest and progress in extending the definition of contextuality to systems with disturbance. We prove that such an endeavor cannot simultaneously satisfy the following principles: (1) any deterministic system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Alisson Tezzin , Elie Wolfe , Barbara Amaral , Matt Jones

Language is contextual as meanings of words are dependent on their contexts. Contextuality is, concomitantly, a well-defined concept in quantum mechanics where it is considered a major resource for quantum computations. We investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Daphne Wang , Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh , Samson Abramsky , Victor H. Cervantes

Contextuality is a central feature distinguishing quantum from classical probability theories, but its operational meaning is often stated only qualitatively. In this Letter, we study a simple information-theoretic question: how much…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Song-Ju Kim