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Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (BLSTM-RNN) has been shown to be very effective for tagging sequential data, e.g. speech utterances or handwritten documents. While word embedding has been demoed as a powerful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-10-22 Peilu Wang , Yao Qian , Frank K. Soong , Lei He , Hai Zhao

We explore advanced fine-tuning techniques to boost BERT's performance in sentiment analysis, paraphrase detection, and semantic textual similarity. Our approach leverages SMART regularization to combat overfitting, improves hyperparameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Pradyumna Saligram , Andrew Lanpouthakoun

SpeechLLMs typically combine ASR-trained encoders with text-based LLM backbones, leading them to inherit written-style output patterns unsuitable for text-to-speech synthesis. This mismatch is particularly pronounced in Japanese, where…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Mengjie Zhao , Lianbo Liu , Yusuke Fujita , Hao Shi , Yuan Gao , Roman Koshkin , Yui Sudo

Evaluation of Text to Speech (TTS) systems is challenging and resource-intensive. Subjective metrics such as Mean Opinion Score (MOS) are not easily comparable between works. Objective metrics are frequently used, but rarely validated…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Christoph Minixhofer , Ondrej Klejch , Peter Bell

Sentiment Analysis (SA) is instrumental in understanding peoples viewpoints facilitating social media monitoring recognizing products and brands and gauging customer satisfaction. Consequently SA has evolved into an active research domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Gibson Nkhata , Susan Gauch , Usman Anjum , Justin Zhan

The paper presents a method for spoken term detection based on the Transformer architecture. We propose the encoder-encoder architecture employing two BERT-like encoders with additional modifications, including convolutional and upsampling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Jan Švec , Luboš Šmídl , Jan Lehečka

Ensuring that Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems deliver human-perceived quality at scale is a central challenge for modern speech technologies. Human subjective evaluation protocols such as Mean Opinion Score (MOS) and Side-by-Side (SBS)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Ilya Trofimenko , David Kocharyan , Aleksandr Zaitsev , Pavel Repnikov , Mark Levin , Nikita Shevtsov

Evaluation metrics are a key ingredient for progress of text generation systems. In recent years, several BERT-based evaluation metrics have been proposed (including BERTScore, MoverScore, BLEURT, etc.) which correlate much better with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Marvin Kaster , Wei Zhao , Steffen Eger

Several recent studies have tested the use of transformer language model representations to infer prosodic features for text-to-speech synthesis (TTS). While these studies have explored prosody in general, in this work, we look specifically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Brooke Stephenson , Laurent Besacier , Laurent Girin , Thomas Hueber

Bi-directional LSTMs are a powerful tool for text representation. On the other hand, they have been shown to suffer various limitations due to their sequential nature. We investigate an alternative LSTM structure for encoding text, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Yue Zhang , Qi Liu , Linfeng Song

Lexical simplification (LS) aims to replace complex words in a given sentence with their simpler alternatives of equivalent meaning, to simplify the sentence. Recently unsupervised lexical simplification approaches only rely on the complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Jipeng Qiang , Yun Li , Yi Zhu , Yunhao Yuan , Xindong Wu

This paper describes Mixer-TTS, a non-autoregressive model for mel-spectrogram generation. The model is based on the MLP-Mixer architecture adapted for speech synthesis. The basic Mixer-TTS contains pitch and duration predictors, with the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-25 Oktai Tatanov , Stanislav Beliaev , Boris Ginsburg

A new language model for speech recognition is presented. The model develops hidden hierarchical syntactic-like structure incrementally and uses it to extract meaningful information from the word history, thus complementing the locality of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ciprian Chelba , Frederick Jelinek

Several recent end-to-end text-to-speech (TTS) models enabling single-stage training and parallel sampling have been proposed, but their sample quality does not match that of two-stage TTS systems. In this work, we present a parallel…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Jaehyeon Kim , Jungil Kong , Juhee Son

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) converts hypotheses from automatic speech recognizer (ASR) into structured semantic representations. ASR recognition errors can severely degenerate the performance of the subsequent SLU module. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Chen Liu , Su Zhu , Zijian Zhao , Ruisheng Cao , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

This work investigates the identification of Charismatic Leadership Tactics (CLTs) in natural language using a fine-tuned Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model. Based on an own extensive corpus of CLTs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Yasser Saeid , Felix Neubürger , Stefanie Krügl , Helena Hüster , Thomas Kopinski , Ralf Lanwehr

State-of-the-art text-to-speech (TTS) systems have utilized pretrained language models (PLMs) to enhance prosody and create more natural-sounding speech. However, while PLMs have been extensively researched for natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Marcel Granero-Moya , Penny Karanasou , Sri Karlapati , Bastian Schnell , Nicole Peinelt , Alexis Moinet , Thomas Drugman

This paper presents the first unsupervised approach to lexical semantic change that makes use of contextualised word representations. We propose a novel method that exploits the BERT neural language model to obtain representations of word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Mario Giulianelli , Marco Del Tredici , Raquel Fernández

Prompt-based text-to-speech (TTS) aims to generate speech that adheres to fine-grained style cues provided in a text prompt. However, most prior works depend on neither plausible nor faithful measures to evaluate prompt adherence. That is,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Chanhee Cho , Nayeon Kim , Bugeun Kim

Pre-training models such as BERT have achieved great success in many natural language processing tasks. However, how to obtain better sentence representation through these pre-training models is still worthy to exploit. Previous work has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Jianlin Su , Jiarun Cao , Weijie Liu , Yangyiwen Ou