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Multimodal deep learning, especially vision-language models, have gained significant traction in recent years, greatly improving performance on many downstream tasks, including content moderation and violence detection. However, standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zhuokai Zhao , Harish Palani , Tianyi Liu , Lena Evans , Ruth Toner

Determining the best method for training a machine learning algorithm is critical to maximizing its ability to classify data. In this paper, we compare the standard "fully supervised" approach (that relies on knowledge of event-by-event…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-03-29 Timothy Cohen , Marat Freytsis , Bryan Ostdiek

Dense annotations, such as segmentation masks, are expensive and time-consuming to obtain, especially for 3D medical images where expert voxel-wise labeling is required. Weakly supervised approaches aim to address this limitation, but often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Richard Petersen , Fredrik Kahl , Jennifer Alvén

Training deep neural networks requires many training samples, but in practice training labels are expensive to obtain and may be of varying quality, as some may be from trusted expert labelers while others might be from heuristics or other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Mostafa Dehghani , Arash Mehrjou , Stephan Gouws , Jaap Kamps , Bernhard Schölkopf

This paper proposes a novel training scheme for fast matching models in Search Ads, which is motivated by the real challenges in model training. The first challenge stems from the pursuit of high throughput, which prohibits the deployment…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Xue Li , Zhipeng Luo , Hao Sun , Jianjin Zhang , Weihao Han , Xianqi Chu , Liangjie Zhang , Qi Zhang

In this study, a spectral graph-theoretic grouping strategy for weakly supervised classification is introduced, where a limited number of labelled samples and a larger set of unlabelled samples are used to construct a larger annotated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-08-04 Tameem Adel , Alexander Wong , Daniel Stashuk

Weakly-supervised methods typically guided the pixel-wise training by comparing the predictions to single-level labels containing diverse segmentation-related information at once, but struggled to represent delicate feature differences…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-03 Jianning Chi , Zelan Li , Huixuan Wu , Wenjun Zhang , Ying Huang

Deep neural networks excel at image classification, but their performance is far less robust to input perturbations than human perception. In this work we explore whether this shortcoming may be partly addressed by incorporating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Bhavin Choksi , Milad Mozafari , Callum Biggs O'May , Benjamin Ador , Andrea Alamia , Rufin VanRullen

The continually increasing number of complex datasets each year necessitates ever improving machine learning methods for robust and accurate categorization of these data. This paper introduces Random Multimodel Deep Learning (RMDL): a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Kamran Kowsari , Mojtaba Heidarysafa , Donald E. Brown , Kiana Jafari Meimandi , Laura E. Barnes

Training deep neural networks requires many training samples, but in practice, training labels are expensive to obtain and may be of varying quality, as some may be from trusted expert labelers while others might be from heuristics or other…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-06-25 Mostafa Dehghani , Jaap Kamps

Recent Weak Supervision (WS) approaches have had widespread success in easing the bottleneck of labeling training data for machine learning by synthesizing labels from multiple potentially noisy supervision sources. However, proper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Jieyu Zhang , Yue Yu , Yinghao Li , Yujing Wang , Yaming Yang , Mao Yang , Alexander Ratner

We introduce NOBLE (Nonlinear lOw-rank Branch for Linear Enhancement), an architectural augmentation that adds nonlinear low-rank branches to transformer linear layers. Unlike LoRA and other parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ethan Smith

To train robust deep neural networks (DNNs), we systematically study several target modification approaches, which include output regularisation, self and non-self label correction (LC). Two key issues are discovered: (1) Self LC is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Xinshao Wang , Yang Hua , Elyor Kodirov , David A. Clifton , Neil M. Robertson

A growing number of Machine Learning Frameworks recently made Deep Learning accessible to a wider audience of engineers, scientists, and practitioners, by allowing straightforward use of complex neural network architectures and algorithms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Ivan Svogor , Christian Eichenberger , Markus Spanring , Moritz Neun , Michael Kopp

Recent foundation models are capable of handling multiple tasks and multiple data modalities with the unified base model structure and several specialized model components. However, efficient training of such multi-task (MT) multi-modal…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yujie Wang , Shenhan Zhu , Fangcheng Fu , Xupeng Miao , Jie Zhang , Juan Zhu , Fan Hong , Yong Li , Bin Cui

The performance of object detection, to a great extent, depends on the availability of large annotated datasets. To alleviate the annotation cost, the research community has explored a number of ways to exploit unlabeled or weakly labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Shijie Fang , Yuhang Cao , Xinjiang Wang , Kai Chen , Dahua Lin , Wayne Zhang

Weakly-supervised object localization methods tend to fail for object classes that consistently co-occur with the same background elements, e.g. trains on tracks. We propose a method to overcome these failures by adding a very small amount…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-19 Alexander Kolesnikov , Christoph H. Lampert

In practical machine learning applications, it is often challenging to assign accurate labels to data, and increasing the number of labeled instances is often limited. In such cases, Weakly Supervised Learning (WSL), which enables training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Tomoya Tate , Kosuke Sugiyama , Masato Uchida

We propose a software framework based on the ideas of the Learning-Compression (LC) algorithm, that allows a user to compress a neural network or other machine learning model using different compression schemes with minimal effort.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Yerlan Idelbayev , Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán

Adaptive learning aims to stimulate and meet the needs of individual learners, which requires sophisticated system-level coordination of diverse tasks, including modeling learning resources, estimating student states, and making…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Qingyang Zhong , Jifan Yu , Zheyuan Zhang , Yiming Mao , Yuquan Wang , Yankai Lin , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Jie Tang