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Layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) is a widely used and powerful technique to reveal insights into various artificial neural network (ANN) architectures. LRP is often used in the context of image classification. The aim is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Marco Landt-Hayen , Willi Rath , Martin Claus , Peer Kröger

Despite the promise of RLHF in aligning LLMs with human preferences, it often leads to superficial alignment, prioritizing stylistic changes over improving downstream performance of LLMs. Underspecified preferences could obscure directions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Kyungjae Lee , Dasol Hwang , Sunghyun Park , Youngsoo Jang , Moontae Lee

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) bypasses explicit reward engineering by inferring reward functions from human preference comparisons, enabling better alignment with human intentions. However, humans often struggle to label a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Ni Mu , Hao Hu , Xiao Hu , Yiqin Yang , Bo Xu , Qing-Shan Jia

Every day, a significant number of users visit the internet for different needs. The owners of a website generate profits from the user interaction with the contents or items of the website. A robust recommendation system can increase user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Abdullah Al Munem , Sumona Yeasmin , Mohammad Rezwanul Huq

Low-resource named entity recognition is still an open problem in NLP. Most state-of-the-art systems require tens of thousands of annotated sentences in order to obtain high performance. However, for most of the world's languages, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Ryan Cotterell , Kevin Duh

Learning the user-item relevance hidden in implicit feedback data plays an important role in modern recommender systems. Neural sequential recommendation models, which formulates learning the user-item relevance as a sequential…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Jingwei Zhuo , Bin Liu , Xiang Li , Han Zhu , Xiaoqiang Zhu

Recently, deep learning methods have been shown to improve the performance of recommender systems over traditional methods, especially when review text is available. For example, a recent model, DeepCoNN, uses neural nets to learn one…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-07-03 Rose Catherine , William Cohen

Understanding search queries is critical for shopping search engines to deliver a satisfying customer experience. Popular shopping search engines receive billions of unique queries yearly, each of which can depict any of hundreds of user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Mukul Kumar , Youna Hu , Will Headden , Rahul Goutam , Heran Lin , Bing Yin

Despite significant progress of deep learning in recent years, state-of-the-art semantic matching methods still rely on legacy features such as SIFT or HoG. We argue that the strong invariance properties that are key to the success of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-18 David Novotny , Diane Larlus , Andrea Vedaldi

Extracting accurate attribute qualities from product titles is a vital component in delivering eCommerce customers with a rewarding online shopping experience via an enriched faceted search. We demonstrate the potential of Deep Recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder , Aditya Subramanian , Abhinandan Krishnan , Shreyansh Gandhi , Ajinkya More

Supervisory signals are a critical resource for training learning to rank models. In many real-world search and retrieval scenarios, these signals may not be readily available or could be costly to obtain for some queries. The examples…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xuyang Wu , Ajit Puthenputhussery , Hongwei Shang , Changsung Kang , Yi Fang

In embedding-based retrieval, Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search enables efficient retrieval of similar items from large-scale datasets. While maximizing recall of relevant items is usually the goal of retrieval systems, a low…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Nicholas Rossi , Juexin Lin , Feng Liu , Zhen Yang , Tony Lee , Alessandro Magnani , Ciya Liao

While numerous studies have been conducted in the literature exploring different types of machine learning approaches for search ranking, most of them are focused on specific pre-defined problems but only a few of them have studied the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Zhen Liao

Streaming services have reshaped how we discover and engage with digital entertainment. Despite these advancements, effectively understanding the wide spectrum of user search queries continues to pose a significant challenge. An accurate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Farnoosh Javadi , Phanideep Gampa , Alyssa Woo , Xingxing Geng , Hang Zhang , Jose Sepulveda , Belhassen Bayar , Fei Wang

Conversational search supports multi-turn user-system interactions to solve complex information needs. Different from the traditional single-turn ad-hoc search, conversational search encounters a more challenging problem of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Fengran Mo , Chen Qu , Kelong Mao , Yihong Wu , Zhan Su , Kaiyu Huang , Jian-Yun Nie

Retrieving semantically relevant documents in niche domains poses significant challenges for traditional TF-IDF-based systems, often resulting in low similarity scores and suboptimal retrieval performance. This paper addresses these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Elham Peimani , Gurpreet Singh , Nisarg Mahyavanshi , Aman Arora , Awais Shaikh

Learning high-quality embeddings for rare words is a hard problem because of sparse context information. Mimicking (Pinter et al., 2017) has been proposed as a solution: given embeddings learned by a standard algorithm, a model is first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Timo Schick , Hinrich Schütze

Relation classification (RC) task is one of fundamental tasks of information extraction, aiming to detect the relation information between entity pairs in unstructured natural language text and generate structured data in the form of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Yan Xiao , Yaochu Jin , Kuangrong Hao

User queries in e-commerce search are often vague, short, and underspecified, making it difficult for retrieval systems to match them accurately against structured product catalogs. This challenge is amplified by the one-to-many nature of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yipeng Zhang , Bowen Liu , Xiaoshuang Zhang , Aritra Mandal , Canran Xu , Zhe Wu

The two primary tasks in the search recommendation system are search relevance matching and click-through rate (CTR) prediction -- the former focuses on seeking relevant items for user queries whereas the latter forecasts which item may…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Rong Chen , Shuzhi Cao , Ailong He , Shuguang Han , Jufeng Chen
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