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Graph neural networks (GNN) have shown outstanding applications in many fields where data is fundamentally represented as graphs (e.g., chemistry, biology, recommendation systems). In this vein, communication networks comprise many…

We propose a method for obtaining parsimonious decompositions of networks into higher order interactions which can take the form of arbitrary motifs.The method is based on a class of analytically solvable generative models, where vertices…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Anatol E. Wegner , Sofia C. Olhede

The class of closed graphs by a linear ordering on their sets of vertices is investigated. A recent characterization of such a class of graphs is analyzed by using tools from the proper interval graph theory.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Marilena Crupi

The study of complex networks has been historically based on simple graph data models representing relationships between individuals. However, often reality cannot be accurately captured by a flat graph model. This has led to the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-03-21 Matteo Magnani , Barbora Micenkova , Luca Rossi

Complex systems are characterized by many interacting units that give rise to emergent behavior. A particularly advantageous way to study these systems is through the analysis of the networks that encode the interactions among the system's…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-03-21 Alberto Aleta , Yamir Moreno

Complex systems are often driven by higher-order interactions among multiple units, naturally represented as hypergraphs. Understanding dependency structures within these hypergraphs is crucial for understanding and predicting the behavior…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-29 John Hood , Caterina De Bacco , Aaron Schein

Hypergraphs, describing networks where interactions take place among any number of units, are a natural tool to model many real-world social and biological systems. In this work we propose a principled framework to model the organization of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Nicolò Ruggeri , Martina Contisciani , Federico Battiston , Caterina De Bacco

Graphs are fundamental data structures which concisely capture the relational structure in many important real-world domains, such as knowledge graphs, physical and social interactions, language, and chemistry. Here we introduce a powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Yujia Li , Oriol Vinyals , Chris Dyer , Razvan Pascanu , Peter Battaglia

High order networks are weighted hypergraphs col- lecting relationships between elements of tuples, not necessarily pairs. Valid metric distances between high order networks have been defined but they are difficult to compute when the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-05-04 Weiyu Huang , Alejandro Ribeiro

Real-world networks exhibit prominent hierarchical and modular structures, with various subgraphs as building blocks. Most existing studies simply consider distinct subgraphs as motifs and use only their numbers to characterize the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Qi Xuan , Jinhuan Wang , Minghao Zhao , Junkun Yuan , Chenbo Fu , Zhongyuan Ruan , Guanrong Chen

Graphs are used in many disciplines to model the relationships that exist between objects in a complex discrete system. Researchers may wish to compare a network of interest to a "typical" graph from a family (or ensemble) of graphs which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Catherine Greenhill

Complex networks or graphs are ubiquitous in sciences and engineering: biological networks, brain networks, transportation networks, social networks, and the World Wide Web, to name a few. Spectral graph theory provides a set of useful…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Subhadeep Mukhopadhyay , Kaijun Wang

The study of hypergraphs has received a lot of attention over the past few years, however up until recently there has been no interest in systems where higher order interactions are not undirected. In this article we introduce the notion of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Gonzalo Contreras-Aso , Regino Criado , Miguel Romance

Higher-order networks, naturally described as hypergraphs, are essential for modeling real-world systems involving interactions among three or more entities. Stochastic block models offer a principled framework for characterizing mesoscale…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Kazuki Nakajima , Yuya Sasaki , Takeaki Uno , Masaki Aida

In network science complex systems are represented as a mathematical graphs consisting of a set of nodes representing the components and a set of edges representing their interactions. The framework of networks has led to significant…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-04-07 Alexandre Bovet , Hernán A. Makse

Complex networks describe a wide range of systems in nature and society, much quoted examples including the cell, a network of chemicals linked by chemical reactions, or the Internet, a network of routers and computers connected by physical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-31 Reka Albert , Albert-Laszlo Barabasi

Higher-order networks have emerged as a powerful framework to model complex systems and their collective behavior. Going beyond pairwise interactions, they encode structured relations among arbitrary numbers of units through representations…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-03-24 Yuanzhao Zhang , Maxime Lucas , Federico Battiston

What is a complex network? How do we characterize complex networks? Which systems can be studied from a network approach? In this text, we motivate the use of complex networks to study and understand a broad panoply of systems, ranging from…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-11-27 Pedro G. Lind

Complex networks are frequently employed to model physical or virtual complex systems. When certain entities exist across multiple systems simultaneously, unveiling their corresponding relationships across the networks becomes crucial. This…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-16 Rui Tang , Ziyun Yong , Shuyu Jiang , Xingshu Chen , Yaofang Liu , Yi-Cheng Zhang , Gui-Quan Sun , Wei Wang

Groups with complex set intersection relations are a natural way to model a wide array of data, from the formation of social groups to the complex protein interactions which form the basis of biological life. One approach to representing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Sepideh Maleki , Josh Vekhter , Keshav Pingali