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Creating a large-scale dataset of abnormality annotation on medical images is a labor-intensive and costly task. Leveraging weak supervision from readily available data such as radiology reports can compensate lack of large-scale data for…

Deep learning-based object detectors have achieved impressive performance in microscopy imaging, yet their confidence estimates often lack calibration, limiting their reliability for biomedical applications. In this work, we introduce a new…

Chest X-ray imaging is commonly used to diagnose pneumonia, but accurately localizing the pneumonia-affected regions typically requires detailed pixel-level annotations, which are costly and time consuming to obtain. To address this…

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) have attracted extensive attention and been applied in many areas, including medical image analysis and clinical diagnosis. One major challenge is to conceive a DCNN model with remarkable…

Methods to detect malignant lesions from screening mammograms are usually trained with fully annotated datasets, where images are labelled with the localisation and classification of cancerous lesions. However, real-world screening…

Intra-operative ultrasound is an increasingly important imaging modality in neurosurgery. However, manual interaction with imaging data during the procedures, for example to select landmarks or perform segmentation, is difficult and can be…

Classifying chest radiographs is a time-consuming and challenging task, even for experienced radiologists. This provides an area for improvement due to the difficulty in precisely distinguishing between conditions such as pleural effusion,…

The extraction of labels from radiology text reports enables large-scale training of medical imaging models. Existing approaches to report labeling typically rely either on sophisticated feature engineering based on medical domain knowledge…

In this study, we propose a novel and robust framework, Self-DenseMobileNet, designed to enhance the classification of nodules and non-nodules in chest radiographs (CXRs). Our approach integrates advanced image standardization and…

Chest radiographs are primarily employed for the screening of pulmonary and cardio-/thoracic conditions. Being undertaken at primary healthcare centers, they require the presence of an on-premise reporting Radiologist, which is a challenge…

Deep learning has revolutionized the accurate segmentation of diseases in medical imaging. However, achieving such results requires training with numerous manual voxel annotations. This requirement presents a challenge for whole-body…

Chest X-ray imaging remains the primary diagnostic tool for pulmonary and cardiac disorders worldwide, yet its accuracy is hampered by radiologist shortages and inter-observer variability. This study presents a systematic comparative…

Radiologists in their daily work routinely find and annotate significant abnormalities on a large number of radiology images. Such abnormalities, or lesions, have collected over years and stored in hospitals' picture archiving and…

Background: Deep learning has great potential to assist with detecting and triaging critical findings such as pneumoperitoneum on medical images. To be clinically useful, the performance of this technology still needs to be validated for…

Chest radiographs are the most commonly performed radiological examinations for lesion detection. Recent advances in deep learning have led to encouraging results in various thoracic disease detection tasks. Particularly, the architecture…

Chest X-rays (X-ray images) have been proven to be effective for the diagnosis of chest diseases, including Pneumonia, Lung Opacity, and COVID-19. However, relying on traditional medical methods for diagnosis from X-ray images is prone to…

Deep learning semantic segmentation algorithms can localise abnormalities or opacities from chest radiographs. However, the task of collecting and annotating training data is expensive and requires expertise which remains a bottleneck for…

As deep learning is widely used in the radiology field, the explainability of such models is increasingly becoming essential to gain clinicians' trust when using the models for diagnosis. In this research, three experiment sets were…

Background: AI-based classification models are essential for improving lung cancer diagnosis. However, the relative performance of lesion-level versus chest-region models in internal and external datasets remains unclear. Purpose: This…

AIM To analyse the performance of a deep-learning (DL) algorithm currently deployed as diagnostic decision support software in two NHS Trusts used to identify normal chest x-rays in active clinical pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS A DL…