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Integrating probability and nonprobability survey samples is an important problem in modern survey sampling. Nonprobability samples often contain rich outcome information but may lack population representativeness, whereas probability…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Yufang Dai , Shihua Luo , Wendy Lou , Zilin Wang , Xuewen Lu

Double Machine Learning is widely used to estimate causal treatment effects in large-scale observational data. The ``residuals-on-residuals'' regression estimator (RORR) is especially popular for its simplicity and computational…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-27 Apoorva Lal , Winston Chou

We introduce the package ddml for Double/Debiased Machine Learning (DDML) in Stata. Estimators of causal parameters for five different econometric models are supported, allowing for flexible estimation of causal effects of endogenous…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-01-09 Achim Ahrens , Christian B. Hansen , Mark E. Schaffer , Thomas Wiemann

Single-parameter summaries of variable effects in regression settings are desirable for ease of interpretation. However (partially) linear models for example, which would deliver these, may fit poorly to the data. On the other hand, an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Harvey Klyne , Rajen D. Shah

Mobile health (mHealth) leverages digital technologies, such as mobile phones, to capture objective, frequent, and real-world digital phenotypes from individuals, enabling the delivery of tailored interventions to accommodate substantial…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Xingche Guo , Zexi Cai , Yuanjia Wang , Donglin Zeng

Mixed Models for Repeated Measures (MMRMs) are ubiquitous when analyzing outcomes of clinical trials. However, the linearity of the fixed-effect structure in these models largely restrict their use to estimating treatment effects that are…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-23 Lars Lau Raket

The log odds ratio is a well-established metric for evaluating the association between binary outcome and exposure variables. Despite its widespread use, there has been limited discussion on how to summarize the log odds ratio as a function…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-04 Sung Jae Jun , Sokbae Lee

Many causal and structural effects depend on regressions. Examples include policy effects, average derivatives, regression decompositions, average treatment effects, causal mediation, and parameters of economic structural models. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Victor Chernozhukov , Whitney K Newey , Rahul Singh

Many treatments or policy interventions are continuous in nature. Examples include prices, taxes or temperatures. Empirical researchers have usually relied on two-way fixed effect regressions to estimate treatment effects in such cases.…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-02-09 Clément de Chaisemartin , Xavier D'Haultfœuille , Gonzalo Vazquez-Bare

The estimation of Average Treatment Effect (ATE) as a causal parameter is carried out in two steps, where in the first step, the treatment and outcome are modeled to incorporate the potential confounders, and in the second step, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-09 Mehdi Rostami , Olli Saarela

This paper develops an asymptotic theory for two-step debiased machine learning (DML) estimators in generalised method of moments (GMM) models with general multiway clustered dependence, without relying on cross-fitting. While cross-fitting…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-07 Kaicheng Chen , Harold D. Chiang

The R-learner is widely used in causal inference due to its flexibility and efficiency in estimating the conditional average treatment effect. However, extending the R-learner framework from binary to continuous treatments introduces a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-21 Yichi Zhang , Dehan Kong , Shu Yang

We propose a novel multi-task neural network approach for estimating distributional treatment effects (DTE) in randomized experiments. While DTE provides more granular insights into the experiment outcomes over conventional methods focusing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Tomu Hirata , Undral Byambadalai , Tatsushi Oka , Shota Yasui , Shingo Uto

Many statistical estimands can expressed as continuous linear functionals of a conditional expectation function. This includes the average treatment effect under unconfoundedness and generalizations for continuous-valued and personalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-23 David A. Hirshberg , Stefan Wager

We present an efficient and numerically stable algorithm for calculation of two-particle response functions within the dynamical mean-field theory. The technique is based on inferring the high frequency asymptotic behavior of the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-03-17 Jan Kunes

The research in this paper gives a systematic investigation on the asymptotic behaviours of four inverse probability weighting (IPW)-based estimators for conditional average treatment effect, with nonparametrically, semiparametrically,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-24 Niwen Zhou , Lixing Zhu

We propose a semiparametric method to estimate the average treatment effect under the assumption of unconfoundedness given observational data. Our estimation method alleviates misspecification issues of the propensity score function by…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-01-16 Difang Huang , Jiti Gao , Tatsushi Oka

This paper presents asymptotic results for the maximum likelihood and restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimators within a two-way crossed mixed effect model as the sizes of the rows, columns, and cells tend to infinity. Under very mild…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Ziyang Lyu , S. A. Sisson , A. H. Welsh

In this paper, we propose a robust method to estimate the average treatment effects in observational studies when the number of potential confounders is possibly much greater than the sample size. We first use a class of penalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-21 Yang Ning , Sida Peng , Kosuke Imai

The weighted average treatment effect (WATE) defines a versatile class of causal estimands for populations characterized by propensity score weights, including the average treatment effect (ATE), treatment effect on the treated (ATT), on…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-23 Yiming Wang , Yi Liu , Shu Yang