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Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections in quantum devices is one of the main challenges for viable quantum applications. In this article, we present different protocols, which we denote as "superposed quantum error mitigation",…

Benchmarking quantum computers often deals with the parameters of single qubits or gates and sometimes deals with algorithms run on an entire chip or a noisy simulator of a chip. Here we propose the idea of using protocols to benchmark…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Dekel Meirom , Tal Mor , Yossi Weinstein

Quantum computers promise to solve certain problems more efficiently than their digital counterparts. A major challenge towards practically useful quantum computing is characterizing and reducing the various errors that accumulate during an…

Achieving practical quantum advantage on near-term noisy hardware is a central goal of quantum computation. However, without efficient pre-execution diagnostics, circuit design and scheme selection often rely on costly hardware-in-the-loop…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yuguo Shao , Zhenyu Chen , Zhaohui Wei , Zhengwei Liu

Quantum computing in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era presents significant challenges in differentiating quantum software bugs from hardware noise. Traditional debugging techniques from classical software engineering cannot…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ahmik Virani , Devraj , Anirudh Suresh , Lei Zhang , M V Panduranga Rao

Crosstalk and several sources of operational interference are invisible when qubit or a gate is calibrated or benchmarked in isolation. These are unlocked during the execution of full quantum circuit applying entangling gates to several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Muhammad Ahsan

For the first time, the theory and practical realization of a broadband quantum noise generator based on original integrated optical beam splitter in the form of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demonstrated. The beam splitter with a double…

We compute the expected randomized benchmarking sequence fidelity for a system subject to Gaussian time-correlated noise. For single qubit benchmarking we show that the expected sequence fidelity is given by the partition function of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-30 Bryan H. Fong , Seth T. Merkel

Dynamics of many-qubit systems, that may correspond to computational processing with quantum systems, can be efficiently and generally approximated by a sequence of two- and single-qubit gates. In practical applications, however, a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-06 Joonwoo Bae , Tanmay Singal

High-quality control is a fundamental requirement for quantum computation, but practically it is often hampered by the presence of various types of noises, which can be static or time-dependent. In many realistic scenarios, multiple noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Bowen Shao , Xiaodong Yang , Ran Liu , Yue Zhai , Dawei Lu , Tao Xin , Jun Li

Quantum Computing (QC) promises computational speedup over classic computing for solving complex problems. However, noise exists in current and near-term quantum computers. Quantum software testing (for gaining confidence in quantum…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Asmar Muqeet , Tao Yue , Shaukat Ali , Paolo Arcaini

Noise in entangled quantum systems is difficult to characterize due to many-body effects involving multiple degrees of freedom. This noise poses a challenge to quantum computing, where two-qubit gate performance is critical. Here, we…

In this work, we aim at augmenting the decisions output by quantum models with "error bars" that provide finite-sample coverage guarantees. Quantum models implement implicit probabilistic predictors that produce multiple random decisions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-24 Sangwoo Park , Osvaldo Simeone

A new class of protocols called mirror benchmarking was recently proposed to measure the system-level performance of quantum computers. These protocols involve circuits with random sequences of gates followed by mirroring, that is,…

In this work, we propose a two-stage procedure to systematically address quantum noise inherent in quantum measurements. The idea behind it is intuitive: we first detect and then eliminate quantum noise so that the classical noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Shuanghong Tang , Congcong Zheng , Kun Wang

The possibility to utilize different types of two-qubit gates on a single quantum computing platform adds flexibility in the decomposition of quantum algorithms. A larger hardware-native gate set may decrease the number of required gates,…

We present an accreditation protocol for the outputs of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. By testing entire circuits rather than individual gates, our accreditation protocol can provide an upper-bound on the variation distance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-21 Samuele Ferracin , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Animesh Datta

This paper analyzes output feedback control of a class of unknown nonlinear systems in the presence of measurement noise using multiple high-gain observers (MHGO). It is well-known that single high-gain observers (HGO) are not able to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Kasra Esfandiari , Mehran Shakarami

As experimental platforms for quantum information processing continue to mature, characterization of the quality of unitary gates that can be applied to their quantum bits (qubits) becomes essential. Eventually, the quality must be…

Undesired coupling to the surrounding environment destroys long-range correlations on quantum processors and hinders the coherent evolution in the nominally available computational space. This incoherent noise is an outstanding challenge to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 A. Morvan , B. Villalonga , X. Mi , S. Mandrà , A. Bengtsson , P. V. Klimov , Z. Chen , S. Hong , C. Erickson , I. K. Drozdov , J. Chau , G. Laun , R. Movassagh , A. Asfaw , L. T. A. N. Brandão , R. Peralta , D. Abanin , R. Acharya , R. Allen , T. I. Andersen , K. Anderson , M. Ansmann , F. Arute , K. Arya , J. Atalaya , J. C. Bardin , A. Bilmes , G. Bortoli , A. Bourassa , J. Bovaird , L. Brill , M. Broughton , B. B. Buckley , D. A. Buell , T. Burger , B. Burkett , N. Bushnell , J. Campero , H. S. Chang , B. Chiaro , D. Chik , C. Chou , J. Cogan , R. Collins , P. Conner , W. Courtney , A. L. Crook , B. Curtin , D. M. Debroy , A. Del Toro Barba , S. Demura , A. Di Paolo , A. Dunsworth , L. Faoro , E. Farhi , R. Fatemi , V. S. Ferreira , L. Flores Burgos , E. Forati , A. G. Fowler , B. Foxen , G. Garcia , E. Genois , W. Giang , C. Gidney , D. Gilboa , M. Giustina , R. Gosula , A. Grajales Dau , J. A. Gross , S. Habegger , M. C. Hamilton , M. Hansen , M. P. Harrigan , S. D. Harrington , P. Heu , M. R. Hoffmann , T. Huang , A. Huff , W. J. Huggins , L. B. Ioffe , S. V. Isakov , J. Iveland , E. Jeffrey , Z. Jiang , C. Jones , P. Juhas , D. Kafri , T. Khattar , M. Khezri , M. Kieferová , S. Kim , A. Kitaev , A. R. Klots , A. N. Korotkov , F. Kostritsa , J. M. Kreikebaum , D. Landhuis , P. Laptev , K. -M. Lau , L. Laws , J. Lee , K. W. Lee , Y. D. Lensky , B. J. Lester , A. T. Lill , W. Liu , W. P. Livingston , A. Locharla , F. D. Malone , O. Martin , S. Martin , J. R. McClean , M. McEwen , K. C. Miao , A. Mieszala , S. Montazeri , W. Mruczkiewicz , O. Naaman , M. Neeley , C. Neill , A. Nersisyan , M. Newman , J. H. Ng , A. Nguyen , M. Nguyen , M. Yuezhen Niu , T. E. O'Brien , S. Omonije , A. Opremcak , A. Petukhov , R. Potter , L. P. Pryadko , C. Quintana , D. M. Rhodes , E. Rosenberg , C. Rocque , P. Roushan , N. C. Rubin , N. Saei , D. Sank , K. Sankaragomathi , K. J. Satzinger , H. F. Schurkus , C. Schuster , M. J. Shearn , A. Shorter , N. Shutty , V. Shvarts , V. Sivak , J. Skruzny , W. C. Smith , R. D. Somma , G. Sterling , D. Strain , M. Szalay , D. Thor , A. Torres , G. Vidal , C. Vollgraff Heidweiller , T. White , B. W. K. Woo , C. Xing , Z. J. Yao , P. Yeh , J. Yoo , G. Young , A. Zalcman , Y. Zhang , N. Zhu , N. Zobrist , E. G. Rieffel , R. Biswas , R. Babbush , D. Bacon , J. Hilton , E. Lucero , H. Neven , A. Megrant , J. Kelly , I. Aleiner , V. Smelyanskiy , K. Kechedzhi , Y. Chen , S. Boixo
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