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Related papers: Probing modified Newtonian dynamics with hypervelo…

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Hypervelocity stars (HVS) are a class of stars moving at high enough velocities to be gravitationally unbound from the Galaxy. Ejection from a close binary system in which one of the components undergoes a thermonuclear supernova (SN) has…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-09 Patrick Neunteufel

MOdified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) represents a phenomenological alternative to dark matter (DM) for the missing mass problem in galaxies and clusters of galaxies. We analyze the central regions of a local sample of $\sim 220$ early-type…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 C. Tortora , A. J. Romanowsky , V. F. Cardone , N. R. Napolitano , Ph. Jetzer

A unique signature of the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) paradigm is its peculiar behavior in the vicinity of the points where the total Newtonian acceleration exactly cancels. In the Solar System, these are the saddle points of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Pasquale Galianni , Martin Feix , Hongsheng Zhao , Keith Horne

The presence of dark matter, though well established by indirect evidence, is yet to be observed directly. Various dark matter detection experiments running for several years have yielded no positive results. In view of these negative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-26 Louise Rebecca , Arun Kenath , C Sivaram

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is an alternative theory of gravity that aims to explain large-scale dynamics without recourse to any form of dark matter. However the theory is incomplete, lacking a relativistic counterpart, and so makes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Daniel J. Mortlock , Edwin L. Turner

We detect high-velocity absorbing gas using Hubble Space Telescope and Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer medium resolution spectroscopy along two high-latitude AGN sight lines (Mrk 1383 and PKS 2005-489) above and below the Galactic…

We predict the distinctive three dimensional space motions of hypervelocity stars (HVSs) and runaway stars moving in a realistic Galactic potential. For nearby stars with distances less than 10~kpc, unbound stars are rare; proper motions…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Scott J. Kenyon , Benjamin C. Bromley , Warren R. Brown , Margaret J. Geller

We test the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) theory with the velocity-dispersion profiles of Galactic globular clusters populating the outermost region of the Milky Way halo, where the Galactic acceleration is lower than the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 A. Sollima , C. Nipoti

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is an empirically motivated modification of Newtonian gravity or inertia suggested by Milgrom as an alternative to cosmic dark matter. The basic idea is that at accelerations below a0 ~ 10^{-8} cm/s^2 ~…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Robert H. Sanders , Stacy S. McGaugh

Non-spherical systems described by MOND theories of modified gravity arising from generalizations of the Poisson equations are affected by a MONDian extra-quadrupolar potential \phi_M even if they are isolated and they are in deep Newtonian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-07-30 Lorenzo Iorio

In recent years several hypervelocity stars (HVSs) have been observed in the halo of our Galaxy. Such stars are thought to be ejected through dynamical interactions near the massive black hole (MBH) in the Galactic center. Three scenarios…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Hagai B. Perets

We use the distant outer halo globular cluster Palomar 14 as a test case for classical vs. modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). Previous theoretical calculations have shown that the line-of-sight velocity dispersion predicted by these…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-11-13 K. Jordi , E. K. Grebel , M. Hilker , H. Baumgardt , M. Frank , P. Kroupa , H. Haghi , P. Côté , S. G. Djorgovski

We assemble a large sample of 12,784 high-velocity stars with total velocity $\it{V}_{\rm{GSR}}\ge {\rm 300}$ km s$^{-1}$, selected from RAVE DR5, SDSS DR12, LAMOST DR8, APOGEE DR16, GALAH DR2, and $Gaia$ EDR3. In this sample, 52 are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-28 Qing-Zheng Li , Yang Huang , Xiao-Bo Dong , Hua-Wei Zhang , Timothy C. Beers , Zhen Yuan

Stars with a different vertical motion relative to the galactic disk have a different average acceleration. According to Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) theories they should therefore have a different average orbital velocity while…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-01-27 Ben Margalit , Nir J. Shaviv

A summary of the current knowledge on hypervelocity stars (HVSs). HVSs are fascinating because their properties are linked to Sgr A* and the stellar environment of the Galactic Center. Observing the distribution of HVSs can address: 1) the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-05 Warren R. Brown

For a point mass residing in an expanding universe, within General Relativity (GR), a new metric [1} is found to lead to a cosmological background dependent MOND-like acceleration in addition to the Newtonian acceleration. In [2], we study…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-28 James C. C. Wong

The hypervelocity star (HVS) survey conducted at the Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) identified 42 B-type stars in the Galactic halo whose radial velocity in the Galactic rest-frame exceeds $+275\,$km$\,$s${}^{-1}$. In order to unravel the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-13 S. Kreuzer , A. Irrgang , U. Heber

We report the first hypervelocity star (HVS) discovered from the LAMOST spectroscopic survey. It is a B-type star with a heliocentric radial velocity about 620 km/s, which projects to a Galactocentric radial velocity component of ~477 km/s.…

A new class of Kuiper belt objects that lie beyond Neptune with semimajor axes greater than 250 astronomical units show orbital anomalies that have been interpreted as evidence for an undiscovered ninth planet. We show that a modified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-25 Katherine Jones-Smith , Harsh Mathur

Stars within 0.1 pc of the supermassive black hole Sgr A* at the Galactic centre are expected to encounter a cluster of stellar-mass black holes (BHs) that have segregated to that region. Some of these stars will scatter off an orbiting BH…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-15 Ryan M. O'Leary , Abraham Loeb