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Quantum simulation of chemical systems is one of the most promising near-term applications of quantum computers. The variational quantum eigensolver, a leading algorithm for molecular simulations on quantum hardware, has a serious…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-16 Harper R. Grimsley , Sophia E. Economou , Edwin Barnes , Nicholas J. Mayhall

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) provide a promising approach to achieving quantum advantage for practical problems on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Thus far, most studies on VQAs have focused on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-06 Yutaro Enomoto , Keitaro Anai , Kenta Udagawa , Shuntaro Takeda

We consider the learnability of the quantum neural network (QNN) built on the variational hybrid quantum-classical scheme, which remains largely unknown due to the non-convex optimization landscape, the measurement error, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-27 Yuxuan Du , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Tongliang Liu , Shan You , Dacheng Tao

Variational Quantum Algorithms have emerged as promising tools for solving optimization problems on quantum computers. These algorithms leverage a parametric quantum circuit called ansatz, where its parameters are adjusted by a classical…

Variational quantum algorithms are the leading candidate for advantage on near-term quantum hardware. When training a parametrized quantum circuit in this setting to solve a specific problem, the choice of ansatz is one of the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-25 Andrea Skolik , Michele Cattelan , Sheir Yarkoni , Thomas Bäck , Vedran Dunjko

A longstanding computational challenge is the accurate simulation of many-body particle systems. Especially for deriving key characteristics of high-impact but complex systems such as battery materials and high entropy alloys (HEA). While…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Koen Mesman , Yinglu Tang , Matthias Moller , Boyang Chen , Sebastian Feld

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) and Quantum Machine Learning (QML) models train a parametrized quantum circuit to solve a given learning task. The success of these algorithms greatly hinges on appropriately choosing an ansatz for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Lorenzo Leone , Salvatore F. E. Oliviero , Lukasz Cincio , M. Cerezo

Variational quantum algorithms hold great promise for unlocking the power of near-term quantum processors, yet high measurement costs, barren plateaus, and challenging optimization landscapes frequently hinder them. Here, we introduce…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Mengzhen Ren , Yu-Cheng Chen , Yangsen Ye , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Alice Hu , Chang-Yu Hsieh

Variational quantum algorithms (VQA) are considered as some of the most promising methods to determine the properties of complex strongly correlated quantum many-body systems, especially from the perspective of devices available in the near…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Saad Yalouz , Bruno Senjean , Filippo Miatto , Vedran Dunjko

A family of Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) methods is designed to maximize the resource of existing noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, VQE approaches encounter various difficulties in simulating molecules of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-08-16 M. D. Sapova , A. K. Fedorov

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and its variants, which is a method for finding eigenstates and eigenenergies of a given Hamiltonian, are appealing applications of near-term quantum computers. Although the eigenenergies are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 Kosuke Mitarai , Yuya O. Nakagawa , Wataru Mizukami

Combinatorial optimization on near-term quantum devices is a promising path to demonstrating quantum advantage. However, the capabilities of these devices are constrained by high noise or error rates. In this paper, we propose an iterative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-12 Xiaoyuan Liu , Anthony Angone , Ruslan Shaydulin , Ilya Safro , Yuri Alexeev , Lukasz Cincio

Many applications of quantum computing in the near term rely on variational quantum circuits (VQCs). They have been showcased as a promising model for reaching a quantum advantage in machine learning with current noisy intermediate scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Jonas Landman , Slimane Thabet , Constantin Dalyac , Hela Mhiri , Elham Kashefi

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) constitute a prominent framework for exploring the capabilities of near-term quantum computers. As the effectiveness of VQAs depends heavily on the design of variational quantum circuits, Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Haozhen Situ , Zhimin He , Lvzhou Li

Entanglement is a key property of quantum computing that separates it from its classical counterpart, however, its exact role in the performance of quantum algorithms, especially variational quantum algorithms, is not well understood. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Azar C. Nakhl , Thomas Quella , Muhammad Usman

We present a distributed algorithm and implementation of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), termed distributed VQE (DVQE). DVQE, provided as an open-source Python package, enables the execution of parameterized quantum circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 Milad Hasanzadeh , Amin Kargarian

The state-of-the-art quantum computing hardware has entered the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. Having been constrained by the limited number of qubits and shallow circuit depth, NISQ devices have nevertheless demonstrated the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-23 Guanglei Xu , Yi-Bin Guo , Xuan Li , Zong-Sheng Zhou , Hai-Jun Liao , T. Xiang

Recent advances in quantum computing devices have brought attention to hybrid quantum-classical algorithms like the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) as a potential route to practical quantum advantage in chemistry. However, it is not…

The rapid progress in quantum computing has opened up new possibilities for tackling complex scientific problems. Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) holds the potential to solve quantum chemistry problems and achieve quantum advantages.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-08 Linghua Zhu , Senwei Liang , Chao Yang , Xiaosong Li

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a promising algorithm for demonstrating quantum advantage in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. However, optimizing VQE from random initial starting parameters is challenging due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-20 Abid Khan , Bryan K. Clark , Norm M. Tubman