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Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph-based applications. Despite the high expressive power, they typically need to perform an expensive recursive neighborhood expansion in multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Wentao Zhang , Ziqi Yin , Zeang Sheng , Wen Ouyang , Xiaosen Li , Yangyu Tao , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

Graph Neural Network (GNN) has been demonstrated its effectiveness in dealing with non-Euclidean structural data. Both spatial-based and spectral-based GNNs are relying on adjacency matrix to guide message passing among neighbors during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Yang Hu , Haoxuan You , Zhecan Wang , Zhicheng Wang , Erjin Zhou , Yue Gao

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have drawn increasing attention in recent years and achieved remarkable performance in many graph-based tasks, especially in semi-supervised learning on graphs. However, most existing GNNs are based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Li Zhou , Wenyu Chen , Dingyi Zeng , Shaohuan Cheng , Wanlong Liu , Malu Zhang , Hong Qu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have proven to be highly effective in various graph learning tasks. A key characteristic of GNNs is their use of a fixed number of message-passing steps for all nodes in the graph, regardless of each node's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yassine Abbahaddou , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros , Johannes F. Lutzeyer , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in many graph-based applications. However, the enormous size and high sparsity level of graphs hinder their applications under industrial scenarios. Although some scalable GNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Wentao Zhang , Ziqi Yin , Zeang Sheng , Yang Li , Wen Ouyang , Xiaosen Li , Yangyu Tao , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

Most Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) propagate messages by treating node embeddings as holistic feature vectors, implicitly assuming uniform relevance across feature dimensions. This limits their ability to selectively transmit informative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Longlong Li , Mengyang Zhao , Guanghui Wang , Cunquan Qu

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success, their design largely relies on empirical intuition rather than theoretical understanding. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of GNN behavior through three…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Qin Jiang , Chengjia Wang , Michael Lones , Wei Pang

We propose Scalable Message Passing Neural Networks (SMPNNs) and demonstrate that, by integrating standard convolutional message passing into a Pre-Layer Normalization Transformer-style block instead of attention, we can produce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde , Artem Lukoianov , Anastasis Kratsios , Michael Bronstein , Xiaowen Dong

Recent years have witnessed great success in handling graph-related tasks with Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). However, most existing GNNs are based on message passing to perform feature aggregation and transformation, where the structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Lirong Wu , Haitao Lin , Guojiang Zhao , Cheng Tan , Stan Z. Li

Hypergraph, an expressive structure with flexibility to model the higher-order correlations among entities, has recently attracted increasing attention from various research domains. Despite the success of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Jing Huang , Jie Yang

Message passing plays a vital role in graph neural networks (GNNs) for effective feature learning. However, the over-reliance on input topology diminishes the efficacy of message passing and restricts the ability of GNNs. Despite efforts to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Junshu Sun , Chenxue Yang , Xiangyang Ji , Qingming Huang , Shuhui Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely used to learn vector representation of graph-structured data and achieved better task performance than conventional methods. The foundation of GNNs is the message passing procedure, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Takeshi D. Itoh , Takatomi Kubo , Kazushi Ikeda

As one of the core technologies for 5G systems, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) introduces dramatic capacity improvements along with very high beamforming and spatial multiplexing gains. When developing efficient physical…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Hengtao He , Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , Shenghui Song , Khaled B. Letaief

Graph neural networks (GNNs), as the de-facto model class for representation learning on graphs, are built upon the multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) architecture with additional message passing layers to allow features to flow across nodes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Chenxiao Yang , Qitian Wu , Jiahua Wang , Junchi Yan

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a prominent approach to machine learning with graphs and have been increasingly applied in a multitude of domains. Nevertheless, since most existing GNN models are based on flat message-passing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Zhiqiang Zhong , Cheng-Te Li , Jun Pang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a dominant approach to learning graph representations, primarily because of their message-passing mechanisms. However, GNNs typically adopt a fixed aggregator function such as Mean, Max, or Sum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Xuanting Xie , Bingheng Li , Erlin Pan , Zhao Kang , Wenyu Chen

Many real-world phenomena can be modeled as a graph, making them extremely valuable due to their ubiquitous presence. GNNs excel at capturing those relationships and patterns within these graphs, enabling effective learning and prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Abhinav Raghuvanshi , Kushal Sokke Malleshappa

Most Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) operate at the first-order scale, even though multi-scale representations are known to be crucial in domains such as image classification. In this work, we investigate whether GNNs can similarly benefit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Qin Jiang , Chengjia Wang , Michael Lones , Dongdong Chen , Wei Pang

Recently Graph Neural Network (GNN) has been applied successfully to various NLP tasks that require reasoning, such as multi-hop machine reading comprehension. In this paper, we consider a novel case where reasoning is needed over graphs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Ming Tu , Jing Huang , Xiaodong He , Bowen Zhou

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been predominantly driven by message-passing, where node representations are iteratively updated via local neighborhood aggregation. Despite their success, message-passing suffers from fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zehong Wang , Zheyuan Zhang , Tianyi Ma , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye
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