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In recent years, significant progress has been made in deep model-based automatic speech recognition (ASR), leading to its widespread deployment in the real world. At the same time, adversarial attacks against deep ASR systems are highly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-04 Christian Heider Nielsen , Zheng-Hua Tan

Machine learning systems and also, specifically, automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are vulnerable against adversarial attacks, where an attacker maliciously changes the input. In the case of ASR systems, the most interesting cases…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-04 Sina Däubener , Lea Schönherr , Asja Fischer , Dorothea Kolossa

We propose a new class of signal injection attacks on microphones by physically converting light to sound. We show how an attacker can inject arbitrary audio signals to a target microphone by aiming an amplitude-modulated light at the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Takeshi Sugawara , Benjamin Cyr , Sara Rampazzi , Daniel Genkin , Kevin Fu

Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) enhance mobility but face cybersecurity threats, particularly through the insecure Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. Cyberattacks can have devastating consequences in connected vehicles, including…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Muzun Althunayyan , Amir Javed , Omer Rana

In recent years, multi-modal fusion has attracted a lot of research interest, both in academia, and in industry. Multimodal fusion entails the combination of information from a set of different types of sensors. Exploiting complementary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Siddharth Roheda , Hamid Krim , Benjamin S. Riggan

A growing number of vehicles are being transformed into semi-autonomous vehicles (Level 2 autonomy) by relying on advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) to improve the driving experience. However, the increasing complexity and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Xugui Zhou , Anna Schmedding , Haotian Ren , Lishan Yang , Philip Schowitz , Evgenia Smirni , Homa Alemzadeh

There are two critical sensors for 3D perception in autonomous driving, the camera and the LiDAR. The camera provides rich semantic information such as color, texture, and the LiDAR reflects the 3D shape and locations of surrounding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Kaicheng Yu , Tang Tao , Hongwei Xie , Zhiwei Lin , Zhongwei Wu , Zhongyu Xia , Tingting Liang , Haiyang Sun , Jiong Deng , Dayang Hao , Yongtao Wang , Xiaodan Liang , Bing Wang

Adversarial attacks pose a threat to deep learning models. However, research on adversarial detection methods, especially in the multi-modal domain, is very limited. In this work, we propose an efficient and straightforward detection method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Pingchuan Ma , Stavros Petridis , Maja Pantic

Robust speaker recognition, including in the presence of malicious attacks, is becoming increasingly important and essential, especially due to the proliferation of several smart speakers and personal agents that interact with an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-19 Arindam Jati , Chin-Cheng Hsu , Monisankha Pal , Raghuveer Peri , Wael AbdAlmageed , Shrikanth Narayanan

Drivers are becoming increasingly reliant on advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) as autonomous driving technology becomes more popular and developed with advanced safety features to enhance road safety. However, the increasing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Cheng Chen , Grant Xiao , Daehyun Lee , Lishan Yang , Evgenia Smirni , Homa Alemzadeh , Xugui Zhou

This study investigates a primary inaudible attack vector on Amazon Alexa voice services using near ultrasound trojans and focuses on characterizing the attack surface and examining the practical implications of issuing inaudible voice…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Forrest McKee , David Noever

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) is one of the core technologies in biometric identification. With the ubiquitous usage of ASV systems in safety-critical applications, more and more malicious attackers attempt to launch adversarial…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-16 Haibin Wu , Xu Li , Andy T. Liu , Zhiyong Wu , Helen Meng , Hung-yi Lee

For autonomous driving, an essential task is to detect surrounding objects accurately. To this end, most existing systems use optical devices, including cameras and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors, to collect environment data in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Jindi Zhang , Yifan Zhang , Kejie Lu , Jianping Wang , Kui Wu , Xiaohua Jia , Bin Liu

With the rise of deep learning and intelligent vehicles, the smart assistant has become an essential in-car component to facilitate driving and provide extra functionalities. In-car smart assistants should be able to process general as well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Wenliang Dai , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Tiezheng Yu , Elham J Barezi , Pascale Fung

An adversarial attack is an exploitative process in which minute alterations are made to natural inputs, causing the inputs to be misclassified by neural models. In the field of speech recognition, this has become an issue of increasing…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Krishan Rajaratnam , Kunal Shah , Jugal Kalita

Adversarial audio attacks can be considered as a small perturbation unperceptive to human ears that is intentionally added to the audio signal and causes a machine learning model to make mistakes. This poses a security concern about the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Mohammad Esmaeilpour , Patrick Cardinal , Alessandro Lameiras Koerich

Intelligent transport systems (ITS) are pivotal in the development of sustainable and green urban living. ITS is data-driven and enabled by the profusion of sensors ranging from pneumatic tubes to smart cameras. This work explores a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Chia-Yen Chiang , Mona Jaber , Peter Hayward

We present METAATTACK, the first approach to leverage acoustic metamaterials for inaudible attacks for voice control systems. Compared to the state-of-the-art inaudible attacks requiring complex and large speaker setups, METAATTACK achieves…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Zhiyuan Ning , Juan He , Zhanyong Tang , Weihang Hu , Xiaojiang Chen

Recent advances in voice synthesis, coupled with the ease with which speech can be harvested for millions of people, introduce new threats to applications that are enabled by devices such as voice assistants (e.g., Amazon Alexa, Google Home…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Zhengxian He , Ashish Kundu , Mustaque Ahamad

As connected and autonomous vehicles proliferate, the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus has become the predominant communication standard for in-vehicle networks due to its speed and efficiency. However, the CAN bus lacks basic security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Muzun Althunayyan , Amir Javed , Omer Rana