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Equivariant neural networks provide a principled framework for incorporating symmetry into learning architectures and have been extensively analyzed through the lens of their separation power, that is, the ability to distinguish inputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Marco Pacini , Gabriele Santin , Bruno Lepri , Shubhendu Trivedi

The rising adoption of machine learning in high energy physics and lattice field theory necessitates the re-evaluation of common methods that are widely used in computer vision, which, when applied to problems in physics, can lead to…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-10-12 Srinath Bulusu , Matteo Favoni , Andreas Ipp , David I. Müller , Daniel Schuh

Neural networks that process the parameters of other neural networks find applications in domains as diverse as classifying implicit neural representations, generating neural network weights, and predicting generalization errors. However,…

The ability to generalize compositionally is key to understanding the potentially infinite number of sentences that can be constructed in a human language from only a finite number of words. Investigating whether NLP models possess this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Jennifer C. White , Ryan Cotterell

In recent years the use of convolutional layers to encode an inductive bias (translational equivariance) in neural networks has proven to be a very fruitful idea. The successes of this approach have motivated a line of research into…

We construct and evaluate group-equivariant neural networks for the prediction of the two-dimensional $Q$-tensor order parameter of nematic liquid crystals from synthetically generated microscopic textures. Seven architectures, equivariant…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-28 Julia Navarro , Mark Wilkinson

State-of-the-art deep learning systems often require large amounts of data and computation. For this reason, leveraging known or unknown structure of the data is paramount. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are successful examples of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Carlos Esteves

Group equivariance (e.g. SE(3) equivariance) is a critical physical symmetry in science, from classical and quantum physics to computational biology. It enables robust and accurate prediction under arbitrary reference transformations. In…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Weitao Du , He Zhang , Yuanqi Du , Qi Meng , Wei Chen , Bin Shao , Tie-Yan Liu

We develop a theory of category-equivariant neural networks (CENNs) that unifies group/groupoid-equivariant networks, poset/lattice-equivariant networks, graph and sheaf neural networks. Equivariance is formulated as naturality in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yoshihiro Maruyama

Invariant and equivariant networks have been successfully used for learning images, sets, point clouds, and graphs. A basic challenge in developing such networks is finding the maximal collection of invariant and equivariant linear layers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Haggai Maron , Heli Ben-Hamu , Nadav Shamir , Yaron Lipman

We present a novel framework to overcome the limitations of equivariant architectures in learning functions with group symmetries. In contrary to equivariant architectures, we use an arbitrary base model such as an MLP or a transformer and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jinwoo Kim , Tien Dat Nguyen , Ayhan Suleymanzade , Hyeokjun An , Seunghoon Hong

Permutation equivariant neural networks are typically used to learn from data that lives on a graph. However, for any graph $G$ that has $n$ vertices, using the symmetric group $S_n$ as its group of symmetries does not take into account the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Edward Pearce-Crump , William J. Knottenbelt

Learning functions on point clouds has applications in many fields, including computer vision, computer graphics, physics, and chemistry. Recently, there has been a growing interest in neural architectures that are invariant or equivariant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Nadav Dym , Haggai Maron

Steerable convolutional neural networks (CNNs) provide a general framework for building neural networks equivariant to translations and transformations of an origin-preserving group $G$, such as reflections and rotations. They rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Maksim Zhdanov , Nico Hoffmann , Gabriele Cesa

From early image processing to modern computational imaging, successful models and algorithms have relied on a fundamental property of natural signals: symmetry. Here symmetry refers to the invariance property of signal sets to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-07 Dongdong Chen , Mike Davies , Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Ferdia Sherry , Julián Tachella

Symmetry-aware architectures are central to geometric deep learning. We present a systematic approach for constructing continuous rotationally invariant and equivariant functions using symmetric tensor networks. The proposed framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Meng Zhang , Chao Wang , Hao Zhang , Shaojun Dong , Lixin He

Many successful deep learning architectures are equivariant to certain transformations in order to conserve parameters and improve generalization: most famously, convolution layers are equivariant to shifts of the input. This approach only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Allan Zhou , Tom Knowles , Chelsea Finn

Equivariant neural networks incorporate symmetries through group actions, embedding them as an inductive bias to improve performance. Existing methods learn an equivariant action on the latent space, or design architectures that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Riccardo Ali , Pietro Liò , Jamie Vicary

Many scientific and geometric problems exhibit general linear symmetries, yet most equivariant neural networks are built for compact groups or simple vector features, limiting their reuse on matrix-valued data such as covariances, inertias,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chankyo Kim , Sicheng Zhao , Minghan Zhu , Tzu-Yuan Lin , Maani Ghaffari

Equivariant deep learning architectures exploit symmetries in learning problems to improve the sample efficiency of neural-network-based models and their ability to generalise. However, when modelling real-world data, learning problems are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-12 Matthew Ashman , Cristiana Diaconu , Adrian Weller , Wessel Bruinsma , Richard E. Turner