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Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are directed graphs with reactant or product complexes as vertices, and reactions as arcs. A CRN is weakly reversible if each of its connected components is strongly connected. Weakly reversible networks…

The dynamics of a chemical reaction network (CRN) is often modelled under the assumption of mass action kinetics by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with polynomial right-hand sides that describe the time evolution of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-01-05 Radek Erban , Hye-Won Kang

A decomposition of a chemical reaction network (CRN) is produced by partitioning its set of reactions. The partition induces networks, called subnetworks, that are "smaller" than the given CRN which, at this point, can be called parent…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-15 Lauro L. Fontanil , Eduardo R. Mendoza

We address a fundamental question: under which conditions do the dynamics and thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks (CRNs), grounded on the notion of idealized chemostats that exchange selected species, emerge from underlying…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-17 Benedikt Remlein , Massimiliano Esposito , Francesco Avanzini

Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs) provide a useful abstraction of molecular interaction networks in which molecular structures as well as mass conservation principles are abstracted away to focus on the main dynamical properties of the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-31 Elisabeth Degrand , François Fages , Sylvain Soliman

Biological regulatory networks depend upon chemical interactions to process information. Engineering such molecular computing systems is a major challenge for synthetic biology and related fields. The chemical reaction network (CRN) model…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Cameron Chalk , Niels Kornerup , Wyatt Reeves , David Soloveichik

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are foundational models for describing complex biochemical processes. We study noncompetitive CRNs, a class of networks whose static states are rate-independent, and that can implement ReLU neural networks.…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-22 Louis Faul , Xavier Richard , Mary Betrisey , Christian Mazza

Coupled chemical interactions in a well-mixed solution are commonly formalized as chemical reaction networks (CRNs). However, despite the widespread use of CRNs in the natural sciences, the range of computational behaviors exhibited by CRNs…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Ho-Lin Chen , David Doty , Wyatt Reeves , David Soloveichik

Motivation: A Chemical Reaction Network (CRN) is a set of chemical reactions, which can be very complex and difficult to analyze. Indeed, dynamical properties of CRNs can be described by a set of non-linear differential equations that…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Lucia Nasti , Roberta Gori , Paolo Milazzo , Federico Poloni

This paper presents novel decomposition classes of chemical reaction networks (CRNs) derived from S-system kinetics. Based on the network decomposition theory initiated by Feinberg in 1987, we introduce the concept of incidence independent…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-03-04 Honeylou F. Farinas , Eduardo R. Mendoza , Angelyn R. Lao

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are prototypical complex systems because reactions are nonlinear and connected in intricate ways, and they are also essential to understand living systems. Here, I discuss how recent developments in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-23 Massimiliano Esposito

Understanding the emergent behavior of chemical reaction networks (CRNs) is a fundamental aspect of biology and its origin from inanimate matter. A closed CRN monotonically tends to thermal equilibrium, but when it is opened to external…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-16 Masanari Shimada , Pegah Behrad , Eric De Giuli

Formal methods have enabled breakthroughs in many fields, such as in hardware verification, machine learning and biological systems. The key object of interest in systems biology, synthetic biology, and molecular programming is chemical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Marko Vasic , David Soloveichik , Sarfraz Khurshid

Living systems operate out of equilibrium, continuously consuming energy to sustain organised, functional states. Their emergent behaviour usually relies on a set of interconnected chemical reaction networks (CRNs) driven by external fluxes…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-03 Shiling Liang , Paolo De Los Rios , Daniel Maria Busiello

We study the composability of discrete chemical reaction networks (CRNs) that stably compute (i.e., with probability 0 of error) integer-valued functions $f:\mathbb{N}^d\to\mathbb{N}$. We consider output-oblivious CRNs in which the output…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Eric E. Severson , David Haley , David Doty

Inspired by Anderson et al. [J. R. Soc. Interface, 2014] we study the long-term behavior of discrete chemical reaction networks (CRNs). In particular, using techniques from both Petri net theory and CRN theory, we provide a powerful…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Robert Brijder

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) formally model chemistry in a well-mixed solution. CRNs are widely used to describe information processing occurring in natural cellular regulatory networks, and with upcoming advances in synthetic biology,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-04-17 David Doty

Some results are presented on how oscillation is inherited by chemical reaction networks (CRNs) when they are built in natural ways from smaller oscillatory networks. The main results describe four important ways in which a CRN can be…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Murad Banaji

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) provide a convenient language for modelling a broad variety of biological systems. These models are commonly studied with respect to the time series they generate in deterministic or stochastic simulations.…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-11 Ozan Kahramanoğulları

This paper develops the concept of decomposition for chemical reaction networks, based on which a network decomposition technique is proposed to capture the stability of large-scale networks characterized by a high number of species, high…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Yafei Lu , Chuanhou Gao , Denis Dochain
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