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We exhibit an explicit formula for the spectral density of a (large) random matrix which is a diagonal matrix whose spectral density converges, perturbated by the addition of a symmetric matrix with Gaussian entries and a given (small)…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-04-28 Florent Benaych-Georges , Nathanaël Enriquez

We describe some numerical experiments which determine the degree of spectral instability of medium size randomly generated matrices which are far from self-adjoint. The conclusion is that the eigenvalues are likely to be intrinsically…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 E B Davies

We give an upper bound on the maximal eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a connected graph in terms of its maximum degree, diameter and order. This bound is best possible up to a constant factor and improves prevoius results of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

An arbitrary Mueller matrix can be decomposed into a sum of up to four deterministic Mueller-Jones matrices, with strengths given by the eigenvalues of an associated Hermitian matrix. A geometrical representation of the eigenvalues in terms…

Optics · Physics 2015-10-06 Colin J. R. Sheppard

Eigenvalue interlacing is a versatile technique for deriving results in algebraic combinatorics. In particular, it has been successfully used for proving a number of results about the relation between the (adjacency matrix or Laplacian)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-05 M. A. Fiol

We study the statistics of eigenvectors in correlated random band matrix models. These models are characterized by two parameters, the band width B(N) of a Hermitian N times N matrix and the correlation parameter C(N) describing…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Martin Janssen , Krystian Pracz

In this article we consider the spectrum of a Laplacian matrix, also known as the Markov matrix, under the independence assumption. We assume that the entries have a variance profile. Motivated by recent works on generalized Wigner matrices…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Anirban Chatterjee , Rajat Subhra Hazra

In random-matrix ensembles that interpolate between the three basic ensembles (orthogonal, unitary, and symplectic), there exist correlations between elements of the same eigenvector and between different eigenvectors. We study such…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Shaffique Adam , Piet W. Brouwer , James P. Sethna , Xavier Waintal

The spectral symbols are useful tools to analyse the eigenvalue distribution when dealing with high dimensional linear systems. Given a matrix sequence with an asymptotic symbol, the last one depends only on the spectra of the individual…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Giovanni Barbarino

The properties of eigenvalues of large dimensional random matrices have received considerable attention. One important achievement is the existence and identification of the limiting spectral distribution of the empirical spectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-06-12 Wenxue Du , Xueliang Li , Yiyang Li

Sparse principal component analysis (sparse PCA) is a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction in multivariate analysis, addressing two key limitations of standard PCA. First, sparse PCA can be implemented in high-dimensional low…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 Jan O. Bauer

Spectral functions of symmetric matrices -- those depending on matrices only through their eigenvalues -- appear often in optimization. A cornerstone variational analytic tool for studying such functions is a formula relating their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-07-23 D. Drusvyatskiy , C. Kempton

When a randomness is introduced at the level of real matrix elements, depending on its particular realization, a pair of eigenvalues can appear as real or form a complex conjugate pair. We show that in the limit of large matrix size the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-01-12 Wojciech Tarnowski

We consider the singular vectors of any $m \times n$ submatrix of a rectangular $M \times N$ Gaussian matrix and study their asymptotic overlaps with those of the full matrix, in the macroscopic regime where $N \,/\, M\,$, $m \,/\, M$ as…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-16 Elie Attal , Romain Allez

For random systems subject to a constraint, the microcanonical ensemble requires the constraint to be met by every realisation ("hard constraint"), while the canonical ensemble requires the constraint to be met only on average ("soft…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-08 Pierfrancesco Dionigi , Diego Garlaschelli , Frank den Hollander , Michel Mandjes

The largest eigenvalue of a matrix is always larger or equal than its largest diagonal entry. We show that for a large class of random Laplacian matrices, this bound is essentially tight: the largest eigenvalue is, up to lower order terms,…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-28 Afonso S. Bandeira

In multimode optical systems, the spectral covariance matrix encodes all the information about quantum correlations between the quadratures of Gaussian states. Recent research has revealed that, in scenarios that are more common than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Bakhao Dioum , Virginia D'Auria , Giuseppe Patera

The eigenvalue densities of two random matrix ensembles, the Wigner Gaussian matrices and the Wishart covariant matrices, are decomposed in the contributions of each individual eigenvalue distribution. It is shown that the fluctuations of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-08-16 O. Bohigas , M. P. Pato

We characterize the spectrum of the Laplacian of graphs composed of one or two finite or infinite chains connected to a complete graph. We show the existence of localized eigenvectors of two types, eigenvectors that vanish exactly outside…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-21 J. -G. Caputo , G. Cruz-Pacheco , A. Knippel , P. Panayotaros

The eigendecomposition of the coupling matrix of large biological networks is central to the study of the dynamics of these networks. For neural networks, this matrix should reflect the topology of the network and conform with Dale's law…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-08 Hervé Rouault , Shaul Druckmann