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End-to-end web testing is challenging due to the need to explore diverse web application functionalities. Current state-of-the-art methods, such as WebCanvas, are not designed for broad functionality exploration; they rely on specific,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Mobina Shahbandeh , Parsa Alian , Noor Nashid , Ali Mesbah

Exploration is essential for general-purpose robotic learning, especially in open-ended environments where dense rewards, explicit goals, or task-specific supervision are scarce. Vision-language models (VLMs), with their semantic reasoning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Seungjae Lee , Daniel Ekpo , Haowen Liu , Furong Huang , Abhinav Shrivastava , Jia-Bin Huang

Almost all modern imperative programming languages include operations for dynamically manipulating the heap, for example by allocating and deallocating objects, and by updating reference fields. In the presence of recursive procedures and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2012-12-18 Jurriaan Rot , Irina Măriuca Asăvoae , Frank de Boer , Marcello M. Bonsangue , Dorel Lucanu

Natural language instruction following tasks serve as a valuable test-bed for grounded language and robotics research. However, data collection for these tasks is expensive and end-to-end approaches suffer from data inefficiency. We propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Kolby Nottingham , Litian Liang , Daeyun Shin , Charless C. Fowlkes , Roy Fox , Sameer Singh

Despite significant interest in developing general purpose fact checking models, it is challenging to construct a large-scale fact verification dataset with realistic real-world claims. Existing claims are either authored by crowdworkers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Jungsoo Park , Sewon Min , Jaewoo Kang , Luke Zettlemoyer , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

The Graphical User Interface (GUI) is pivotal for human interaction with the digital world, enabling efficient device control and the completion of complex tasks. Recent progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Danyang Zhang , Zhennan Shen , Rui Xie , Situo Zhang , Tianbao Xie , Zihan Zhao , Siyuan Chen , Lu Chen , Hongshen Xu , Ruisheng Cao , Kai Yu

The proliferation of mobile apps and reduced time in mobile app releases mandates the need for faster and efficient testing of mobile apps, their GUI and functional capabilities. Though, there are wide variety of open source tools and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Poornima Gopi

Language agents have demonstrated remarkable potential in web search and information retrieval. However, these search agents assume user queries are complete and unambiguous, an assumption that diverges from reality where users begin with…

We evaluate language models on their ability to explore interactive environments under a limited interaction budget. We introduce three parametric tasks with controllable exploration difficulty, spanning continuous and discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Mahdi JafariRaviz , Keivan Rezaei , Arshia Soltani Moakhar , Zahra Sodagar , Yize Cheng , Soheil Feizi

Interactive portrait matting refers to extracting the soft portrait from a given image that best meets the user's intent through their inputs. Existing methods often underperform in complex scenarios, mainly due to three factors. (1) Most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Siyi Jiao , Wenzheng Zeng , Changxin Gao , Nong Sang

We present VisualHints, a novel environment for multimodal reinforcement learning (RL) involving text-based interactions along with visual hints (obtained from the environment). Real-life problems often demand that agents interact with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Thomas Carta , Subhajit Chaudhury , Kartik Talamadupula , Michiaki Tatsubori

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled mobile agents to perceive and interact with real-world mobile environments based on human instructions. However, the current fully autonomous paradigm poses potential safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Qihang Ai , Pi Bu , Yue Cao , Yingyao Wang , Jihao Gu , Jingxuan Xing , Zekun Zhu , Wei Jiang , Zhicheng Zheng , Jun Song , Yuning Jiang

Despite impressive visual fidelity, modern video generative models frequently produce sequences that violate intuitive physical laws, such as objects floating, teleporting, or morphing in ways that defy causality. While humans can easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Saman Motamed , Minghao Chen , Luc Van Gool , Iro Laina

Visual dialog is a vision-language task where an agent needs to answer a series of questions grounded in an image based on the understanding of the dialog history and the image. The occurrences of coreference relations in the dialog makes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Mingxiao Li , Marie-Francine Moens

Generative text-to-image models have gained great popularity among the public for their powerful capability to generate high-quality images based on natural language prompts. However, developing effective prompts for desired images can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yingchaojie Feng , Xingbo Wang , Kam Kwai Wong , Sijia Wang , Yuhong Lu , Minfeng Zhu , Baicheng Wang , Wei Chen

Real-world fine-grained visual retrieval often requires discovering a rare concept from large unlabeled collections with minimal supervision. This is especially critical in biodiversity monitoring, ecological studies, and long-tailed visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Kawtar Zaher , Olivier Buisson , Alexis Joly

Multimodality can make (especially mobile) device interaction more efficient. Sensors and communication capabilities of modern smartphones and tablets lay the technical basis for its implementation. Still, mobile platforms do not make…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-06-13 Andreas Möller , Stefan Diewald , Luis Roalter , Matthias Kranz

In visual question answering (VQA) context, users often pose ambiguous questions to visual language models (VLMs) due to varying expression habits. Existing research addresses such ambiguities primarily by rephrasing questions. These…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Pu Jian , Donglei Yu , Wen Yang , Shuo Ren , Jiajun Zhang

We introduce Affective Visual Dialog, an emotion explanation and reasoning task as a testbed for research on understanding the formation of emotions in visually grounded conversations. The task involves three skills: (1) Dialog-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Kilichbek Haydarov , Xiaoqian Shen , Avinash Madasu , Mahmoud Salem , Li-Jia Li , Gamaleldin Elsayed , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Vision-Language MOT is a crucial tracking problem and has drawn increasing attention recently. It aims to track objects based on human language commands, replacing the traditional use of templates or pre-set information from training sets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Yunhao Li , Xiaoqiong Liu , Luke Liu , Heng Fan , Libo Zhang