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Stein's method provides a way of bounding the distance of a probability distribution to a target distribution $\mu$. Here we develop Stein's method for the class of discrete Gibbs measures with a density $e^V$, where $V$ is the energy…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-08-22 Peter Eichelsbacher , Gesine Reinert

Berry Esseen type bounds to the normal, based on zero- and size-bias couplings, are derived using Stein's method. The zero biasing bounds are illustrated with an application to combinatorial central limit theorems where the random…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Larry Goldstein

Stein's method allows to prove distributional convergence of a sequence of random variables and to quantify it with respect to a given metric such as Kolmogorov's (a Berry-Ess\'een type theorem). Mod-* convergence quantifies the convergence…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-01-12 Yacine Barhoumi-Andréani

By extrapolating the explicit formula of the zero-bias distribution occurring in the context of Stein's method, we construct characterization identities for a large class of absolutely continuous univariate distributions. Instead of trying…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-26 Steffen Betsch , Bruno Ebner

In this paper, a new method based on probability generating functions is used to obtain multiple Stein operators for various random variables closely related to Poisson, binomial and negative binomial distributions. Also, Stein operators…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-05-10 N. S. Upadhye , V. Cekanavicius , P. Vellaisamy

We provide a general steady-state diffusion approximation result which bounds the Wasserstein distance between the reversible measure $\mu$ of a diffusion process and the measure $\nu$ of an approximating Markov chain. Our result is…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-03-15 Thomas Bonis

Stein's identity is a fundamental tool in machine learning with applications in generative models, stochastic optimization, and other problems involving gradients of expectations under Gaussian distributions. Less attention has been paid to…

Bolthausen used a variation of Stein's method to give an inductive proof of the Berry-Esseen theorem for sums of independent, identically distributed random variables. We modify this technique to prove a Berry-Esseen theorem for character…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jason Fulman

Using a characterizing equation for the Beta distribution, Stein's method is applied to obtain bounds of the optimal order for the Wasserstein distance between the distribution of the scaled number of white balls drawn from a…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-03 Larry Goldstein , Gesine Reinert

There has been a resurgence of interest in incomplete U-statistics that only sum over a subset of kernel evaluations, due to their computational efficiency and asymptotic normality which can be leveraged to quantify the uncertainty of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Dennis Leung

This article deals with Stein characterizations of probability distributions. We provide a general framework for interpreting these in terms of the parameters of the underlying distribution. In order to do so we introduce two concepts (a…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-12-02 Christophe Ley , Yvik Swan

A gem of classical probability, the Berry-Esseen theorem provides a non-asymptotic form of the central limit theorem. This note gives a friendly and intuitive exposition of the classical Fourier-analytic proof of Esseen's smoothing…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Roman Vershynin

One of the major themes of random matrix theory is that many asymptotic properties of traditionally studied distributions of random matrices are universal. We probe the edges of universality by studying the spectral properties of random…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-06-30 Tobias Johnson

In 1956, Charles Stein published an article that was to forever change the statistical approach to high-dimensional estimation. His stunning discovery that the usual estimator of the normal mean vector could be dominated in dimensions 3 and…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-03-22 Edward I. George , William E. Strawderman

We develop Stein's method for $\alpha$-stable approximation with $\alpha\in(0,1]$, continuing the recent line of research by Xu \cite{lihu} and Chen, Nourdin and Xu \cite{C-N-X} in the case $\alpha\in(1,2).$ The main results include an…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-16 Peng Chen , Ivan Nourdin , Lihu Xu , Xiaochuan Yang , Rui Zhang

In a recent paper by the authors, a new approach--called the "embedding method"--was introduced, which allows to make use of exchangeable pairs for normal and multivariate normal approximation with Stein's method in cases where the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-18 Gesine Reinert , Adrian Röllin

We develop the tools necessary to use Stein's method for approximation by a Borel distribution, which we illustrate by considering the approximation of the number of customers served in the busy period of an M/G/1 queue. We further derive…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Fraser Daly , Seva Shneer

Stein's method is a method of probability approximation which hinges on the solution of a functional equation. For normal approximation the functional equation is a first order differential equation. Malliavin calculus is an…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-11 Louis H. Y. Chen

We obtain a Stein characterisation of the distribution of the product of two correlated normal random variables with non-zero means, and more generally the distribution of the sum of independent copies of such random variables. Our Stein…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Robert E. Gaunt , Siqi Li , Heather L. Sutcliffe

We extend Stein's lemma for averages that explicitly contain the Gaussian random variable at a power. We present two proofs for this extension of Stein's lemma, with the first being a rigorous proof by mathematical induction. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-27 Konstantinos Mamis