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This paper proves the convergence of the narrow wedge solutions of the KPZ equation to the Airy sheet and the directed landscape in the locally uniform topology. This is the first convergence result to the Airy sheet and the directed…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Xuan Wu

We consider the system of one-sided reflected Brownian motions which is in variational duality with Brownian last passage percolation. We show that it has integrable transition probabilities, expressed in terms of Hermite polynomials and…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-30 Mihai Nica , Jeremy Quastel , Daniel Remenik

We show that the directed landscape is the unique coupling of the KPZ fixed point from all initial conditions satisfying three natural properties: independent increments, monotonicity, and shift commutativity. Equivalently, we show that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Duncan Dauvergne , Lingfu Zhang

The directed landscape is a random directed metric on the plane that arises as the scaling limit of metric models in the KPZ universality class. For a pair of points p, q, the disjointness gap G(p; q) measures the shortfall when we optimize…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Duncan Dauvergne , Oliver Scott Pankratz

A well-known question in planar first-passage percolation concerns the convergence of the empirical distribution of weights as seen along geodesics. We demonstrate this convergence for an explicit model, directed last-passage percolation on…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-17 James B. Martin , Allan Sly , Lingfu Zhang

Many models of one-dimensional local random growth are expected to lie in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class. For such a model, the interface profile at advanced time may be viewed in scaled coordinates specified via…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-03 Jacob Calvert , Alan Hammond , Milind Hegde

The Airy line ensemble is a positive-integer indexed system of random continuous curves whose finite dimensional distributions are given by the multi-line Airy process. It is a natural object in the KPZ universality class: for example, its…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-07 Alan Hammond

We consider the geodesic of the directed last passage percolation with iid exponential weights. We find the explicit one-point distribution of the geodesic location joint with the last passage times, and its limit as the parameters go to…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Zhipeng Liu

For the directed landscape, the putative universal space-time scaling limit object in the (1+1) dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class, consider the geodesic tree -- the tree formed by the coalescing semi-infinite…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Riddhipratim Basu , Manan Bhatia

In this note, we prove convergence of the half-space exponential last passage percolation (LPP) model, away from the boundary, to the directed landscape. Our approach couples the half-space and full-space LPP models and constructs two…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Xinyi Zhang

We consider last passage percolation on $\mathbb Z^2$ with general weight distributions, which is expected to be a member of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class. In this model, an oriented path between given endpoints which…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Shirshendu Ganguly , Milind Hegde

We construct an almost sure bijection that recovers the directed landscape on the half-plane from a sequence of independent Brownian motions. This map is the natural scaling limit of the Robinson--Schensted--Knuth (RSK) correspondence. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-18 Duncan Dauvergne , Bálint Virág

It is believed that for metric-like models in the KPZ class the following property holds: with probability one, starting from any point, there are at most two semi-infinite geodesics with the same direction that do not coalesce. Until now,…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Ofer Busani

We consider the colored asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) and stochastic six vertex (S6V) model with fully packed initial conditions; the states of these models can be encoded by 2-parameter height functions. We show under…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-30 Amol Aggarwal , Ivan Corwin , Milind Hegde

We show that under the 1:2:3 scaling, critically probing large space and time, the height function of finite range asymmetric exclusion processes and the KPZ equation converge to the KPZ fixed point, constructed earlier as a limit of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-09 Jeremy Quastel , Sourav Sarkar

We investigate extended processes given by last-passage times in directed models defined using exponential variables with decaying mean. In certain cases we find the universal Airy process, but other cases lead to non-universal and trivial…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kurt Johansson

The Airy line ensemble is a central object in random matrix theory and last passage percolation defined by a determinantal formula. The goal of this paper is to provide a set of tools which allow for precise probabilistic analysis of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-24 Duncan Dauvergne , Bálint Virág

It is known from the work of Baik, Deift, and Johansson [1999] that we have Tracy-Widom fluctuations for the longest increasing subsequence of uniform permutations. In this paper, we prove that this result holds also in the case of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-26 Mohamed Slim Kammoun

The parabolic Airy line ensemble $\mathfrak A$ is a central limit object in the KPZ universality class and related areas. On any compact set $K = \{1, \dots, k\} \times [a, a + t]$, the law of the recentered ensemble $\mathfrak A -…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-21 Duncan Dauvergne

Last passage percolation (LPP) is a model of a directed metric and a zero-temperature polymer where the main observable is a directed path evolving in a random environment accruing as energy the sum of the random weights along itself. When…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-07 Shirshendu Ganguly , Victor Ginsburg , Kyeongsik Nam