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This paper presents a framework which enables a user to more easily make corrections to adversarial texts. While attack algorithms have been demonstrated to automatically build adversaries, changes made by the algorithms can often have poor…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Brandon Laughlin , Christopher Collins , Karthik Sankaranarayanan , Khalil El-Khatib

With the development of large language models (LLMs), detecting whether text is generated by a machine becomes increasingly challenging in the face of malicious use cases like the spread of false information, protection of intellectual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Ying Zhou , Ben He , Le Sun

The rapid growth of natural language processing (NLP) and pre-trained language models have enabled accurate text classification in a variety of settings. However, text classification models are susceptible to backdoor attacks, where an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-30 A. Dilara Yavuz , M. Emre Gursoy

The existence of adversarial attacks (or adversarial examples) brings huge concern about the machine learning (ML) model's safety issues. For many safety-critical ML tasks, such as financial forecasting, fraudulent detection, and anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Han Xu , Menghai Pan , Zhimeng Jiang , Huiyuan Chen , Xiaoting Li , Mahashweta Das , Hao Yang

This paper describes our approach to the task of identifying offensive languages in a multilingual setting. We investigate two data augmentation strategies: using additional semi-supervised labels with different thresholds and cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Hwijeen Ahn , Jimin Sun , Chan Young Park , Jungyun Seo

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can mislead classifiers by adding imperceptible perturbations. An intriguing property of adversarial examples is their good transferability, making black-box attacks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Yinpeng Dong , Tianyu Pang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across a wide range of multimodal tasks. However, their integration of visual inputs introduces expanded attack surfaces, thereby exposing them to novel security…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Juan Ren , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

In social media, neural network models have been applied to hate speech detection, sentiment analysis, etc., but neural network models are susceptible to adversarial attacks. For instance, in a text classification task, the attacker…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Xi Cao , Nuo Qun , Quzong Gesang , Yulei Zhu , Trashi Nyima

Although multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, their instruction-following behavior leaves them vulnerable to prompt injection attacks. Existing prompt injection methods predominantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Meiwen Ding , Song Xia , Chenqi Kong , Xudong Jiang

Over the past decade, there has been extensive research aimed at enhancing the robustness of neural networks, yet this problem remains vastly unsolved. Here, one major impediment has been the overestimation of the robustness of new defense…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Leo Schwinn , David Dobre , Stephan Günnemann , Gauthier Gidel

Transformer-based text classifiers such as BERT, RoBERTa, T5, and GPT have shown strong performance in natural language processing tasks but remain vulnerable to adversarial examples. These vulnerabilities raise significant security…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Bushra Sabir , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba , M. Ali Babar

Modern text classification models are susceptible to adversarial examples, perturbed versions of the original text indiscernible by humans which get misclassified by the model. Recent works in NLP use rule-based synonym replacement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Siddhant Garg , Goutham Ramakrishnan

Machine learning (ML) models are known to be vulnerable to a number of attacks that target the integrity of their predictions or the privacy of their training data. To carry out these attacks, a black-box adversary must typically possess…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Dudi Biton , Aditi Misra , Efrat Levy , Jaidip Kotak , Ron Bitton , Roei Schuster , Nicolas Papernot , Yuval Elovici , Ben Nassi

With the growing popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) and vector databases, private textual data is increasingly processed and stored as numerical embeddings. However, recent studies have proven that such embeddings are vulnerable to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yiyi Chen , Qiongkai Xu , Johannes Bjerva

Recently, substantial progress has been made in language modeling by using deep neural networks. However, in practice, large scale neural language models have been shown to be prone to overfitting. In this paper, we present a simple yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Dilin Wang , Chengyue Gong , Qiang Liu

We attribute the vulnerability of natural language processing models to the fact that similar inputs are converted to dissimilar representations in the embedding space, leading to inconsistent outputs, and we propose a novel robust training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Yichen Yang , Xiaosen Wang , Kun He

Today's text-to-image generative models are trained on millions of images sourced from the Internet, each paired with a detailed caption produced by Vision-Language Models (VLMs). This part of the training pipeline is critical for supplying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Stanley Wu , Ronik Bhaskar , Anna Yoo Jeong Ha , Shawn Shan , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Deep learning models are susceptible to adversarial examples that have imperceptible perturbations in the original input, resulting in adversarial attacks against these models. Analysis of these attacks on the state of the art transformers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Vijit Malik , Ashwani Bhat , Ashutosh Modi

Video-based multimodal large language models (V-MLLMs) have shown vulnerability to adversarial examples in video-text multimodal tasks. However, the transferability of adversarial videos to unseen models - a common and practical real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Linhao Huang , Xue Jiang , Zhiqiang Wang , Wentao Mo , Xi Xiao , Yong-Jie Yin , Bo Han , Feng Zheng

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world decision-making systems, understanding their behavioural vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge for AI safety and alignment. While existing evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Lili Zhang , Haomiaomiao Wang , Long Cheng , Libao Deng , Tomas Ward
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