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We study the complexity of counting (weighted) planar graph homomorphism problem $\tt{Pl\text{-}GH}(M)$ parametrized by an arbitrary symmetric non-negative real valued matrix $M$. For matrices with pairwise distinct diagonal values, we…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jin-Yi Cai , Ashwin Maran , Ben Young

The goal of this work is to give precise bounds on the counting complexity of a family of generalized coloring problems (list homomorphisms) on bounded-treewidth graphs. Given graphs $G$, $H$, and lists $L(v)\subseteq V(H)$ for every $v\in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Jacob Focke , Dániel Marx , Paweł Rzążewski

In the present paper we show a dichotomy theorem for the complexity of polynomial evaluation. We associate to each graph H a polynomial that encodes all graphs of a fixed size homomorphic to H. We show that this family is computable by…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-10-30 Nicolas de Rugy-Altherre

Lattice-based cryptography is not only for thwarting future quantum computers, and is also the basis of Fully Homomorphic Encryption. Motivated from the advantage of graph homomorphisms we combine graph homomorphisms with graph total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-06 Bing Yao , Hongyu Wang

The Dichotomy Conjecture for constraint satisfaction problems has been verified for conservative problems (or, equivalently, for list homomorphism problems) by Andrei Bulatov. An earlier case of this dichotomy, for list homomorphisms to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-04-21 Pavol Hell , Arash Rafiey

For a fixed graph $H$, the reconfiguration problem for $H$-colourings (i.e. homomorphisms to $H$) asks: given a graph $G$ and two $H$-colourings $\varphi$ and $\psi$ of $G$, does there exist a sequence $f_0,\dots,f_m$ of $H$-colourings such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-04 Richard C. Brewster , Jae-Baek Lee , Benjamin Moore , Jonathan A. Noel , Mark Siggers

We extend results of Brewster and Graves for switching $m$-edge coloured graphs with respect to a cyclic group to switching $(m, n)$-mixed graphs with respect to an Abelian group. In particular, we establish the existence of a $(m,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-05 E. Leclerc , G. MacGillivray , J. M. Warren

In this paper we give two characterisations of the class of reflexive graphs admitting distributive lattice polymorphisms and use these characterisations to address the problem of recognition: for a reflexive graph G in which no two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-30 Mark Siggers

The Hom complex $\mathrm{Hom}(G, H)$ of graphs is a simplicial complex associated to a pair of graphs $G$ and $H$, and its homotopy type is of interest in the graph coloring problem and the homomorphism reconfiguration problem. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Takahiro Matsushita

A graph is $H$-free if it has no induced subgraph isomorphic to $H$. We characterize all graphs $H$ for which there are only finitely many minimal non-three-colorable $H$-free graphs. Such a characterization was previously known only in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-08 Maria Chudnovsky , Jan Goedgebeur , Oliver Schaudt , Mingxian Zhong

The purpose of this article is to show that even the most elementary problems in asymptotic extremal graph theory can be highly non-trivial. We study linear inequalities between graph homomorphism densities. In the language of quantum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-10-19 Hamed Hatami , Serguei Norine

The computational complexity of the graph isomorphism problem is considered to be a major open problem in theoretical computer science. It is known that testing isomorphism of chordal graphs is polynomial-time equivalent to the general…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Vikraman Arvind , Roman Nedela , Ilia Ponomarenko , Peter Zeman

A signed graph is a graph whose edges are labeled positive or negative. The sign of a cycle is the product of the signs of its edges. Zaslavsky proved in 2012 that, up to switching isomorphism, there are six different signed Petersen…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Deepak Sehrawat , Bikash Bhattacharjya

The notion of graph covers (also referred to as locally bijective homomorphisms) plays an important role in topological graph theory and has found its computer science applications in models of local computation. For a fixed target graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Jan Bok , Jiří Fiala , Nikola Jedličková , Jan Kratochvíl , Micheala Seifrtová

A relational structure is homomorphism-homogeneous (HH-homogeneous for short) if every homomorphism between finite induced substructures of the structure can be extended to a homomorphism over the whole domain of the structure. Similarly, a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-27 David Hartman , Jan Hubicka , Dragan Masulovic

Signed graphs are graphs whose edges get a sign $+1$ or $-1$ (the signature). Signed graphs can be studied by means of graph matrices extended to signed graphs in a natural way. Recently, the spectra of signed graphs have attracted much…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-11 Francesco Belardo , Sebastian M. Cioabă , Jack H. Koolen , Jianfeng Wang

A homomorphism from a graph G to a graph H is locally bijective, surjective, or injective if its restriction to the neighborhood of every vertex of G is bijective, surjective, or injective, respectively. We prove that the problems of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-10-07 Steven Chaplick , Jiří Fiala , Pim van 't Hof , Daniël Paulusma , Marek Tesař

The Dichotomy Conjecture for constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) states that every CSP is in P or is NP-complete (Feder-Vardi, 1993). It has been verified for conservative problems (also known as list homomorphism problems) by A.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-08-02 Laszlo Egri , Pavol Hell , Benoit Larose , Arash Rafiey

For a graph G, we define a small automorphism as one that maps some vertex into its neighbour. We investigate the edge colourings of G that break every small automorphism of G. We show that such a colouring can be chosen from any set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Jakub Kwaśny , Marcin Stawiski

Let $H$ be an undirected graph. In the List $H$-Homomorphism Problem, given an undirected graph $G$ with a list constraint $L(v) \subseteq V(H)$ for each variable $v \in V(G)$, the objective is to find a list $H$-homomorphism $f:V(G) \to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-06-17 Yuichi Yoshida
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