Related papers: Quantum Origins of the Density Operator
We investigate the meaning of the wave function by analyzing the mass and charge density distribution of a quantum system. According to protective measurement, a charged quantum system has mass and charge density proportional to the modulus…
The probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics has been a point of discussion since the earliest days of the theory. The development of quantum technologies transfer these discussions from philosophical interest to practical…
We provide a simple analytic relation which connects the density operator of the radiation field with the number probabilities. The problem of experimentally "sampling" a general matrix elements is studied, and the deleterious effects of…
This paper proposes an interpretation of quantum mechanics, relying on the time-symmetric stochastic dynamics of quantum particles and on non-classical probability theory. Our main purpose is to demonstrate that the wave function and its…
If there exists a classical, i.e. deterministic theory underlying quantum mechanics, an explanation must be found of the fact that the Hamiltonian, which is defined to be the operator that generates evolution in time, is bounded from below.…
In this paper, the base of quantum mechanics is the spontaneous tendency for a microscopic object to fractionalize instantly into quasistates and condense instantly quasistates. This quasistate is equivalent to the eigenfunction. An object…
The determination of a quantum observable from the first and second moments of its measurement outcome statistics is investigated. Operational conditions for the moments of a probability measure are given which suffice to determine the…
To find the essential nature of quantum theory has been an important problem for not only theoretical interest but also applications to quantum technologies. In those studies on quantum foundations, the notion of uncertainty plays a primary…
Perhaps the quantum state represents information about reality, and not reality directly. Wave function collapse is then possibly no more mysterious than a Bayesian update of a probability distribution given new data. We consider models for…
The Schr\"odinger's wave function can naturally be realized as an 'instantaneous resonant spatial mode' in which quantum particle moves and hence the Born's rule is derived after identifying its origin. This realization facilitates the…
The dynamical equation satisfied by the density matrix, when a quantum system is subjected to one or more constraints arising from conserved quantities, is derived. The resulting nonlinear motion of the density matrix has the property that…
Quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator is taken as leitmotiv to gently introduce elements of quantum probability theory for physicists. To this end, we take (graduate) students in physics as entry level and explain the physical…
In classical theory, the physical systems are elucidated through the concepts of particles and waves, which aim to describe the reality of the physical system with certainty. In this framework, particles are mathematically represented by…
Quantum Mechanics at Planck scale is considered as a deformation of the conventional Quantum Mechanics. Similar to the earlier works of the author, the main object of deformation is the density matrix. On this basis a notion of the entropy…
It is usually believed that a picture of Quantum Mechanics in terms of true probabilities cannot be given due to the uncertainty relations. Here we discuss a tomographic approach to quantum states that leads to a probability representation…
The density matrix of a two-level system (spin, atom) is usually determined by measuring the three non-commuting components of the Pauli vector. This density matrix can also be obtained via the measurement data of two commuting variables,…
What is the quantum system? Consider the wavefunction of the electron, what we call single particle wave-function and assume that it contains N wave packets. If we pass all the wave packets through an electric field, all are deflected, as…
Quantum theory is extremely successful in explaining most physical phenomena, and is not contradicted by any experiment. Yet, the theory has many puzzling features : the occurrence of probabilities, the unclear distinction between the…
We propose that the Schrodinger equation results from applying the classical wave equation to describe the physical system in which subatomic particles play random motion, thereby leading to quantum mechanics. The physical reality described…
Understanding the core content of quantum mechanics requires us to disentangle the hidden logical relationships between the postulates of this theory. Here we show that the mathematical structure of quantum measurements, the formula for…