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Technical debt (TD) refers to the long-term costs associated with suboptimal design or code decisions in software development, often made to meet short-term delivery goals. Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) occurs when developers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Edi Sutoyo , Andrea Capiluppi

Self-admitted technical debt refers to situations where a software developer knows that their current implementation is not optimal and indicates this using a source code comment. In this work, we hypothesize that it is possible to develop…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Rungroj Maipradit , Christoph Treude , Hideaki Hata , Kenichi Matsumoto

Motivation: Technical debt is a metaphor that describes not-quite-right code introduced for short-term needs. Developers are aware of it and admit it in source code comments, which is called Self- Admitted Technical Debt (SATD). Therefore,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Moritz Mock

Technical Debt is a metaphor used to describe the situation in which long-term software artifact quality is traded for short-term goals in software projects. In recent years, the concept of self-admitted technical debt (SATD) was proposed,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Tao Xiao , Dong Wang , Shane McIntosh , Hideaki Hata , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Takashi Ishio , Kenichi Matsumoto

In software engineering, technical debt, signifying the compromise between short-term expediency and long-term maintainability, is being addressed by researchers through various machine learning approaches. This study seeks to provide a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Eric L. Melin , Nasir U. Eisty

Quantum computing is a rapidly growing field attracting the interest of both researchers and software developers. Supported by its numerous open-source tools, developers can now build, test, or run their quantum algorithms. Although the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Moses Openja , Mohammad Mehdi Morovati , Le An , Foutse Khomh , Mouna Abidi

Cognitive biases exert a significant influence on human thinking and decision-making. In order to identify how they influence the occurrence of architectural technical debt, a series of semi-structured interviews with software architects…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Klara Borowa , Andrzej Zalewski , Szymon Kijas

Technical debt is a metaphor indicating sub-optimal solutions implemented for short-term benefits by sacrificing the long-term maintainability and evolvability of software. A special type of technical debt is explicitly admitted by software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Yikun Li , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou

Architectural debt is a form of technical debt that derives from the gap between the architectural design of the system as it "should be" compared to "as it is". We measured architecture debt in two ways: 1) in terms of system-wide coupling…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Maleknaz Nayebi , Yuanfang Cai , Rick Kazman , Guenther Ruhe , Qiong Feng , Chris Carlson , Francis Chew

Context: The term technical debt (TD) describes the aggregation of sub-optimal solutions that serve to impede the evolution and maintenance of a system. Some claim that the broken windows theory (BWT), a concept borrowed from criminology,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-29 William Levén , Hampus Broman , Terese Besker , Richard Torkar

The ever-increasing amount, variety as well as generation and processing speed of today's data pose a variety of new challenges for developing Data-Intensive Software Systems (DISS). As with developing other kinds of software systems,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Harald Foidl , Michael Felderer , Stefan Biffl

Technical debt (TD) refers to delayed tasks and immature artifacts that may bring short-term benefits but incur extra costs of change during maintenance and evolution in the long term. TD has been extensively studied in the past decade, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Zengyang Li , Yilin Peng , Peng Liang , Apostolos Ampatzoglou , Ran Mo , Hui Liu , Xiaoxiao Qi

NonTechnical Debt (NTD) is a common challenge in agile software development, manifesting in four critical forms, Process Debt, Social Debt, People Debt, Organizational debt. NODLA project is a collaboration between Karlstad University and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Muhammad Ovais Ahmad , Tomas Gustavsson

Background: Software companies must balance fast value delivery with quality, a trade-off that can introduce technical debt and potentially waste developers' time. As software systems evolve, technical debt tends to increase. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Bhuwan Paudel , Javier Gonzalez-Huerta , Ehsan Zabardast , Eriks Klotins

The emergence of open-source ML libraries such as TensorFlow and Google Auto ML has enabled developers to harness state-of-the-art ML algorithms with minimal overhead. However, during this accelerated ML development process, said developers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Aaditya Bhatia , Foutse Khomh , Bram Adams , Ahmed E Hassan

Technical debt refers to the consequences of sub-optimal decisions made during software development that prioritize short-term benefits over long-term maintainability. Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is a specific form of technical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yikun Li , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou , Jie Tan , Jiakun Liu

Context. Technical Debt (TD), defined as software constructs that are beneficial in the short term but may hinder future change, is a frequently used term in software development practice. Nevertheless, practitioners do not always fully…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Marion Wiese , Angelina Heinrichs , Nino Rusieshvili , Rodrigo Rebouças de Almeida , Klara Borowa

What are the business causes behind tight deadlines? What drives the prioritization of features that pushes quality matters to the back burner? We conducted a survey with 71 experienced practitioners and did a thematic analysis of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Rodrigo Rebouças de Almeida , Christoph Treude , Uirá Kulesza

Technical debt is a well-known challenge in software development, and its negative impact on software quality, maintainability, and performance is widely recognized. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has proven to be a promising…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Srinivas Babu Pandi , Samia A. Binta , Savita Kaushal

Technical debt is a pervasive problem in software development. Software development teams have to prioritize debt items and determine whether they should address debt or develop new features at any point in time. This paper presents…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Rodrigo Rebouças de Almeida , Christoph Treude , Uirá Kulesza