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Related papers: Consent Management Platforms under the GDPR: proce…

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In response to growing concerns about user privacy, legislators have introduced new regulations and laws such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) that force websites to obtain user…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Nikhil Jha , Martino Trevisan , Marco Mellia , Daniel Fernandez , Rodrigo Irarrazaval

Data protection regulations, such as GDPR and CCPA, require websites and embedded third-parties, especially advertisers, to seek user consent before they can collect and process user data. Only when the users opt in, can these entities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zengrui Liu , Umar Iqbal , Nitesh Saxena

Online tracking remains problematic, with compliance and ethical issues persisting despite regulatory efforts. Consent interfaces, the visible manifestation of this industry, have seen significant attention over the years. We present robust…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Midas Nouwens , Janus Bager Kristensen , Kristjan Maalt , Rolf Bagge

New consent management platforms (CMPs) have been introduced to the web to conform with the EU's General Data Protection Regulation, particularly its requirements for consent when companies collect and process users' personal data. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Midas Nouwens , Ilaria Liccardi , Michael Veale , David Karger , Lalana Kagal

As a result of the GDPR and the ePrivacy Directive, European users encounter cookie banners on almost every website. Many of such banners are implemented by Consent Management Providers (CMPs), who respect the IAB Europe's Transparency and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Célestin Matte , Nataliia Bielova , Cristiana Santos

Advances in service personalization are driven by low-cost data collection and processing, in addition to the wide variety of third-party frameworks for authentication, storage, and marketing. New privacy regulations, such as the General…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Marco Robol , Travis D. Breaux , Elda Paja , Paolo Giorgini

Privacy preference signals are digital representations of how users want their personal data to be processed. Such signals must be adopted by both the sender (users) and intended recipients (data processors). Adoption represents a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Maximilian Hils , Daniel W. Woods , Rainer Böhme

Recent privacy regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) have established legal requirements for obtaining user consent regarding the collection, use, and sharing of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ying Li , Wenjun Qiu , Faysal Hossain Shezan , Kunlin Cai , Michelangelo van Dam , Lisa Austin , David Lie , Yuan Tian

To comply with data protection regulations such as the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), websites widely deploy cookie consent banners to collect users' privacy preferences. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Nivedita Singh , Seyoung Jin , Hyoungshick Kim

In the EU, the General Data Protection Regulation and the ePrivacy Directive mandate consent for the use of personal data for the purpose of behavioural advertising and tracking technologies. However, the ubiquity of consent banners has led…

The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) secures the right to Opt-Out for consumers in California. However, websites may implement complex consent mechanisms that potentially do not capture the user's true choices. We investigated the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Torsha Mazumdar , Daniel Timko , Muhammad Lutfor Rahman

The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires websites to ask for consent to the use of cookies for \emph{specific purposes}. This enlarges the relevant design space for consent dialogs. Websites could try to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Dominique Machuletz , Rainer Böhme

Data brokers collect and sell the personal information of millions of individuals, often without their knowledge or consent. The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) grants consumers the legal right to request access to, or deletion of,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Elina van Kempen , Isita Bagayatkar , Pavel Frolikov , Chloe Georgiou , Gene Tsudik

In the current connected world - Websites, Mobile Apps, IoT Devices collect a large volume of users' personally identifiable activity data. These collected data is used for varied purposes of analytics, marketing, personalization of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Subhadip Mitra

The GDPR requires websites to facilitate the right to revoke consent from Web users. While numerous studies measured compliance of consent with the various consent requirements, no prior work has studied consent revocation on the Web.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Gayatri Priyadarsini Kancherla , Nataliia Bielova , Cristiana Santos , Abhishek Bichhawat

After one year since the entry into force of the GDPR, all web sites and data controllers have updated their procedures to store users' data. The GDPR does not only cover how and what data should be saved by the service providers, but it…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Luca Bufalieri , Massimo La Morgia , Alessandro Mei , Julinda Stefa

The Transparency and Consent Framework (TCF), developed by the Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) Europe, provides a de facto standard for requesting, recording, and managing user consent from European end-users. This framework has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Victor Morel , Cristiana Santos , Pontus Carlsson , Joel Ahlinder , Romaric Duvignau

Consent dialogues are a source of annoyance, malicious intent, dark patterns, illegal practices and a plethora of other issues. This work presents known problems based on GDPR requirements grouped into two categories: (i) UI/UX for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Harshvardhan J. Pandit

The notion of patient's consent plays a major role in granting access to medical data. In typical healthcare systems, consent is captured by a form that the patient has to fill in and sign. In e-Health systems, the paper-form consent is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-09-12 Muhammad Rizwan Asghar , Giovanni Russello

Online services provide users with cookie banners to accept/reject the cookies placed on their web browsers. Despite the increased adoption of cookie banners, little has been done to ensure that cookie consent is compliant with privacy laws…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Brian Tang , Duc Bui , Kang G. Shin
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