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NLP-powered automatic question generation (QG) techniques carry great pedagogical potential of saving educators' time and benefiting student learning. Yet, QG systems have not been widely adopted in classrooms to date. In this work, we aim…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Xu Wang , Simin Fan , Jessica Houghton , Lu Wang

Lexical ambiguity is widespread in language, allowing for the reuse of economical word forms and therefore making language more efficient. If ambiguous words cannot be disambiguated from context, however, this gain in efficiency might make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Tiago Pimentel , Rowan Hall Maudslay , Damián Blasi , Ryan Cotterell

The rise of large language models has opened new avenues for users seeking legal advice. However, users often lack professional legal knowledge, which can lead to questions that omit critical information. This deficiency makes it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Rujing Yao , Yiquan Wu , Tong Zhang , Xuhui Zhang , Yuting Huang , Yang Wu , Jiayin Yang , Changlong Sun , Fang Wang , Xiaozhong Liu

There are various models proposed on how knowledge is generated in the human brain including the semantic networks model. Although this model has been widely studied and even computational models are presented, but, due to various limits…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jamshid Ghasimi , Nazanin Movarraei

Recent years have seen the proliferation of disinformation and fake news online. Traditional approaches to mitigate these issues is to use manual or automatic fact-checking. Recently, another approach has emerged: checking whether the input…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Shaden Shaar , Firoj Alam , Giovanni Da San Martino , Preslav Nakov

We evaluate questions generated by large language models (LLMs) from context, comparing them to human-authored questions across six dimensions: question type, question length, context coverage, answerability, uncommonness, and required…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yueheng Zhang , Xiaoyuan Liu , Yiyou Sun , Atheer Alharbi , Hend Alzahrani , Tianneng Shi , Basel Alomair , Dawn Song

Question-answering software is becoming increasingly integrated into our daily lives, with prominent examples including Apple Siri and Amazon Alexa. Ensuring the quality of such systems is critical, as incorrect answers could lead to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Shuang Liu , Zhirun Zhang , Jinhao Dong , Zan Wang , Qingchao Shen , Junjie Chen , Wei Lu , Xiaoyong Du

Recent research on conversational search highlights the importance of mixed-initiative in conversations. To enable mixed-initiative, the system should be able to ask clarifying questions to the user. However, the ability of the underlying…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Antonios Minas Krasakis , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Nikos Voskarides , Evangelos Kanoulas

Existing metrics for assessing question generation not only require costly human reference but also fail to take into account the input context of generation, rendering the lack of deep understanding of the relevance between the generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Xiaoqiang Wang , Bang Liu , Siliang Tang , Lingfei Wu

Enabling open-domain dialogue systems to ask clarifying questions when appropriate is an important direction for improving the quality of the system response. Namely, for cases when a user request is not specific enough for a conversation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Mohammad Aliannejadi , Julia Kiseleva , Aleksandr Chuklin , Jeffrey Dalton , Mikhail Burtsev

Many recent advances in natural language generation have been fueled by training large language models on internet-scale data. However, this paradigm can lead to models that generate toxic, inaccurate, and unhelpful content, and automatic…

Aspect-oriented explanations in search results are typically concise text snippets placed alongside retrieved documents to serve as explanations that assist users in efficiently locating relevant information. While Large Language Models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Arif Laksito , Mark Stevenson

While large language models (LLMs) excel at factual recall, the real challenge lies in knowledge application. A gap persists between their ability to answer complex questions and their effectiveness in performing tasks that require that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Siyang Wu , Honglin Bao , Nadav Kunievsky , James A. Evans

World building forms the foundation of any task that requires narrative intelligence. In this work, we focus on procedurally generating interactive fiction worlds---text-based worlds that players "see" and "talk to" using natural language.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Wesley Cheung , Dan Tu , William Broniec , Mark O. Riedl

Taking an answer and its context as input, sequence-to-sequence models have made considerable progress on question generation. However, we observe that these approaches often generate wrong question words or keywords and copy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Xiyao Ma , Qile Zhu , Yanlin Zhou , Xiaolin Li , Dapeng Wu

This paper addresses the generation of explanations with visual examples. Given an input sample, we build a system that not only classifies it to a specific category, but also outputs linguistic explanations and a set of visual examples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Atsushi Kanehira , Tatsuya Harada

The distractor generation task focuses on generating incorrect but plausible options for objective questions such as fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions. This task is widely utilized in educational settings across various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Elaf Alhazmi , Quan Z. Sheng , Wei Emma Zhang , Munazza Zaib , Ahoud Alhazmi

One of the core challenges in Visual Dialogue problems is asking the question that will provide the most useful information towards achieving the required objective. Encouraging an agent to ask the right questions is difficult because we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Ehsan Abbasnejad , Qi Wu , Javen Shi , Anton van den Hengel

Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems are tasked with answering natural language questions corresponding to a presented image. Traditional VQA datasets typically contain questions related to the spatial information of objects, object…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Goonmeet Bajaj , Bortik Bandyopadhyay , Daniel Schmidt , Pranav Maneriker , Christopher Myers , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

Visual question answering (VQA) and image captioning require a shared body of general knowledge connecting language and vision. We present a novel approach to improve VQA performance that exploits this connection by jointly generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Jialin Wu , Zeyuan Hu , Raymond J. Mooney