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We draw connections between simple neural networks and under-determined linear systems to comprehensively explore several interesting theoretical questions in the study of neural networks. First, we emphatically show that it is unsurprising…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-02 Austin R. Benson , Anil Damle , Alex Townsend

Deep neural networks are powerful tools to model observations over time with non-linear patterns. Despite the widespread use of neural networks in such settings, most theoretical developments of deep neural networks are under the assumption…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-24 Mingliang Ma , Abolfazl Safikhani

We propose a sparse deep ReLU network (SDRN) estimator of the regression function obtained from regularized empirical risk minimization with a Lipschitz loss function. Our framework can be applied to a variety of regression and…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-11 Ke Huang , Mingming Liu , Shujie Ma

Deep learning has been applied to various tasks in the field of machine learning and has shown superiority to other common procedures such as kernel methods. To provide a better theoretical understanding of the reasons for its success, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-31 Satoshi Hayakawa , Taiji Suzuki

This survey provides an in-depth and explanatory review of the approximation properties of deep neural networks, with a focus on feed-forward and residual architectures. The primary objective is to examine how effectively neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Owen Davis , Mohammad Motamed

Estimating linear, mean-square continuous functionals is a pivotal challenge in statistics. In high-dimensional contexts, this estimation is often performed under the assumption of exact model sparsity, meaning that only a small number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-04 Jelena Bradic , Victor Chernozhukov , Whitney K. Newey , Yinchu Zhu

Recently, many studies have shed light on the high adaptivity of deep neural network methods in nonparametric regression models, and their superior performance has been established for various function classes. Motivated by this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Akihiro Oga , Yuta Koike

Neural networks can be trained to solve regression problems by using gradient-based methods to minimize the square loss. However, practitioners often prefer to reformulate regression as a classification problem, observing that training on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Lawrence Stewart , Francis Bach , Quentin Berthet , Jean-Philippe Vert

High-dimensional classification is a fundamentally important research problem in high-dimensional data analysis. In this paper, we derive a nonasymptotic rate for the minimax excess misclassification risk when feature dimension…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Shuoyang Wang , Zuofeng Shang

Neural networks often operate in the overparameterized regime, in which there are far more parameters than training samples, allowing the training data to be fit perfectly. That is, training the network effectively learns an interpolating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Suzanna Parkinson , Greg Ongie , Rebecca Willett

We perform a study on kernel regression for large-dimensional data (where the sample size $n$ is polynomially depending on the dimension $d$ of the samples, i.e., $n\asymp d^{\gamma}$ for some $\gamma >0$ ). We first build a general tool to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-01 Weihao Lu , Haobo Zhang , Yicheng Li , Manyun Xu , Qian Lin

Recently it was shown in several papers that backpropagation is able to find the global minimum of the empirical risk on the training data using over-parametrized deep neural networks. In this paper a similar result is shown for deep neural…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-15 Michael Kohler , Adam Krzyzak

In transfer learning, the learner leverages auxiliary data to improve generalization on a main task. However, the precise theoretical understanding of when and how auxiliary data help remains incomplete. We provide new insights on this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Meitong Liu , Christopher Jung , Rui Li , Xue Feng , Han Zhao

When data is collected in an adaptive manner, even simple methods like ordinary least squares can exhibit non-normal asymptotic behavior. As an undesirable consequence, hypothesis tests and confidence intervals based on asymptotic normality…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-23 Koulik Khamaru , Yash Deshpande , Tor Lattimore , Lester Mackey , Martin J. Wainwright

Neural networks are known to be a class of highly expressive functions able to fit even random input-output mappings with $100\%$ accuracy. In this work, we present properties of neural networks that complement this aspect of expressivity.…

Ability of deep networks to extract high level features and of recurrent networks to perform time-series inference have been studied. In view of universality of one hidden layer network at approximating functions under weak constraints, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-19 Sharat C. Prasad , Piyush Prasad

We prove bounds for the approximation and estimation of certain binary classification functions using ReLU neural networks. Our estimation bounds provide a priori performance guarantees for empirical risk minimization using networks of a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-11 Andrei Caragea , Philipp Petersen , Felix Voigtlaender

We consider the approximation rates of shallow neural networks with respect to the variation norm. Upper bounds on these rates have been established for sigmoidal and ReLU activation functions, but it has remained an important open problem…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-10 Jonathan W. Siegel , Jinchao Xu

We study nonparametric regression by an over-parameterized two-layer neural network trained by gradient descent (GD) in this paper. We show that, if the neural network is trained by GD with early stopping, then the trained network renders a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-07 Yingzhen Yang , Ping Li

This work examines risk bounds for nonparametric distributional regression estimators. For convex-constrained distributional regression, general upper bounds are established for the continuous ranked probability score (CRPS) and the…