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With the rapid development of software and distributed computing, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are widely adopted in many application areas, e.g., smart grid, autonomous automobile. It is difficult to detect defects in CPS models due to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Takumi Akazaki , Shuang Liu , Yoriyuki Yamagata , Yihai Duan , Jianye Hao

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) consist of sensors, actuators, and controllers all communicating over a network; if any subset becomes compromised, an attacker could cause significant damage. With access to data logs and a model of the CPS,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Yuqi Chen , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun

The rapid evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) across various domains like mobility systems, networked control systems, sustainable manufacturing, smart power grids, and the Internet of Things necessitates innovative solutions that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Andreas A. Malikopoulos

A real-time autoencoder-based anomaly detection system using semi-supervised machine learning has been developed for the online Data Quality Monitoring system of the electromagnetic calorimeter of the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. A novel…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-07-31 Abhirami Harilal , Kyungmin Park , Manfred Paulini

Shifts in data distribution can substantially harm the performance of clinical AI models and lead to misdiagnosis. Hence, various methods have been developed to detect the presence of such shifts at deployment time. However, the root causes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Mélanie Roschewitz , Raghav Mehta , Charles Jones , Ben Glocker

Most of the data-driven approaches applied to bearing fault diagnosis up to date are established in the supervised learning paradigm, which usually requires a large set of labeled data collected a priori. In practical applications, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Shen Zhang , Fei Ye , Bingnan Wang , Thomas G. Habetler

Despite their remarkable performance on a wide range of visual tasks, machine learning technologies often succumb to data distribution shifts. Consequently, a range of recent work explores techniques for detecting these shifts.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Maleakhi A. Wijaya , Dmitry Kazhdan , Botty Dimanov , Mateja Jamnik

Autoencoders are data-specific compression algorithms learned automatically from examples. The predominant approach has been to construct single large global models that cover the domain. However, training and evaluating models of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Richard J. Preen , Stewart W. Wilson , Larry Bull

Ensuring the safe and reliable operation of robotic systems is paramount to prevent potential disasters and safeguard human well-being. Despite rigorous design and engineering practices, these systems can still experience malfunctions,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Mahfuzul I. Nissan , Sharmin Aktar

Autoencoders are commonly trained using element-wise loss. However, element-wise loss disregards high-level structures in the image which can lead to embeddings that disregard them as well. A recent improvement to autoencoders that helps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Gustav Grund Pihlgren , Fredrik Sandin , Marcus Liwicki

Autoencoders are unsupervised models which have been used for detecting anomalies in multi-sensor environments. A typical use includes training a predictive model with data from sensors operating under normal conditions and using the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Bang Xiang Yong , Yasmin Fathy , Alexandra Brintrup

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are being increasingly utilized for critical applications. CPS combines sensing and computing elements, often having multi-layer designs with networking, computational, and physical interfaces, which provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Julia Boone , Fatemeh Afghah

We propose a method for learning dynamical systems from high-dimensional empirical data that combines variational autoencoders and (spatio-)temporal attention within a framework designed to enforce certain scientifically-motivated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Kai Lagemann , Christian Lagemann , Sach Mukherjee

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are widely employed to detect and mitigate external network security events. Vehicle ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) continue to evolve, especially with developments related to Connected Autonomous Vehicles…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Shakil Ibne Ahsan , Phil Legg , S M Iftekharul Alam

Complex systems in science and engineering sometimes exhibit behavior that changes across different regimes. Traditional global models struggle to capture the full range of this complex behavior, limiting their ability to accurately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Okezzi F. Ukorigho , Opeoluwa Owoyele

Modern cyberattacks in cyber-physical systems (CPS) rapidly evolve and cannot be deterred effectively with most current methods which focused on characterizing past threats. Adaptive anomaly detection (AAD) is among the most promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Pablo Moriano , Steven C. Hespeler , Mingyan Li , Maria Mahbub

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate sensing, communication, computation, and control to support critical infrastructure, including smart grids, industrial automation, and control systems. In the electrical utility domain, various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Abile Jean , Kuniyilh S

Anomaly detection is crucial to ensure the security of cyber-physical systems (CPS). However, due to the increasing complexity of CPSs and more sophisticated attacks, conventional anomaly detection methods, which face the growing volume of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Yuan Luo , Ya Xiao , Long Cheng , Guojun Peng , Danfeng Daphne Yao

Automotive Cyber-Physical Systems (ACPS) have attracted a significant amount of interest in the past few decades, while one of the most critical operations in these systems is the perception of the environment. Deep learning and,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Stavros Nousias , Erion-Vasilis Pikoulis , Christos Mavrokefalidis , Aris S. Lalos

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are used extensively in critical infrastructure, underscoring the need for anomaly detection systems that are able to catch even the most motivated attackers. Traditional anomaly detection techniques typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Qingyuan Hu , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun , Yuqi Chen