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On July 14th 2015, NASA's New Horizons mission gave us an unprecedented detailed view of the Pluto system. The complex compositional diversity of Pluto's encounter hemisphere was revealed by the Ralph/LEISA infrared spectrometer on board of…

Following the detection of CO and HCN in Pluto's atmosphere, we report on new ALMA observations of Pluto with two main goals: (i) obtaining spatially-resolved measurements (~0.06'' on the ~0.15'' disk subtended by Pluto and its atmosphere)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 E. Lellouch , B. Butler , R. Moreno , M. Gurwell , P. Lavvas , T. Bertrand , T. Fouchet , D. F. Strobel , A. Moullet

Neptune's tropospheric winds are among the most intense in the Solar System, but the dynamical mechanisms that produce them remain uncertain. Measuring wind speeds at different pressure levels may help understand the atmospheric dynamics of…

We used 0.85 - 5.1 micron 2006 observations by Cassini's Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) to constrain the unusual vertical structure and compositions of cloud layers in Saturn's south polar region, the site of a powerful…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-23 Lawrence A. Sromovsky , Kevin H. Baines , Patrick M. Fry

Saturn's northern summertime hemisphere was mapped by JWST/MIRI (4.9-27.9 $\mu$m) in November 2022, tracing the seasonal evolution of temperatures, aerosols, and chemical species in the five years since the end of the Cassini mission. The…

Planets residing within the hot-Neptune Desert are rare, and studying their atmospheres can provide valuable insights into their formation and evolutionary processes. We present the atmospheric characterization of the first known ultra-hot…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-20 Li Zhou , Xinyue Ma , Bo Ma , Wei Wang , Chengzi Jiang , Enric Pallé , Yonghao Wang , Jinpeng Wang , Meng Zhai , Zewen Jiang , Qianyi Zou , Yujie Peng , Xuedong Gu , Qian Chen

We present observations of Uranus in northern spring with the VLA from 0.7 cm to 5 cm. These observations reveal details in thermal emission from Uranus' north pole at 10s of bars, including a dark collar near 80N and a bright spot at the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-26 Alex Akins , Mark Hofstadter , Bryan Butler , A. James Friedson , Edward Molter , Marzia Parisi , Imke de Pater

We have undertaken a large spectroscopic survey of over 80 planetary nebulae with the goal of providing a homogeneous spectroscopic database between 3600-9600 Angstroms, as well as a set of consistently determined abundances, especially for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. B. Milingo , R. B. C. Henry , K. B. Kwitter

Phase curve measurements provide a global view of the composition, thermal structure, and dynamics of exoplanet atmospheres. Although most of the dozens of phase curve measurements made to date are of large, massive hot Jupiters, there is…

We present multi-wavelength measurements of the thermal, chemical, and cloud contrasts associated with the visibly dark formations (also known as 5-$\mu$m hot spots) and intervening bright plumes on the boundary between Jupiter's Equatorial…

We present an ultra-deep survey for Neptune Trojans using the Subaru 8.2-m and Magellan 6.5-m telescopes. The survey reached a 50% detection efficiency in the R-band at 25.7 magnitudes and covered 49 square degrees of sky. This depth…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Scott S. Sheppard , Chadwick A. Trujillo

Recent transit observations of K2-18b and TOI-270d revealed strong molecular absorption signatures, lending credence to the idea that temperate sub-Neptunes (T$_\mathrm{eq}$=250-400K) have upper atmospheres mostly free of aerosols. These…

The thermal emission of transneptunian objects (TNO) and Centaurs has been observed at mid- and far-infrared wavelengths - with the biggest contributions coming from the Spitzer and Herschel space observatories-, and the brightest ones also…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Thomas Müller , Emmanuel Lellouch , Sonia Fornasier

Uranus is fainter when the Sun and Earth are near its equatorial plane than when they are near the projection of its poles. The average of the absolute values of the sub-Earth and sub-Sun latitudes (referred to as the sub-latitude here) is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-15 Richard W. Schmude , Ronald E. Baker , Jim Fox , Bruce A. Krobusek , Anthony Mallama

In this paper we present fully reduced and dereddened emission line strengths for a sample of 45 southern Type II planetary nebulae (PNe). The spectrophotometry for these PNe covers an extended optical/near-IR range from 3600 - 9600…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. B. Milingo , K. B. Kwitter , R. B. C. Henry , R. E. Cohen

We report observations of Neptune made in H-(1.4-1.8 {\mu}m) and K'-(2.0-2.4 {\mu}m) bands on 14 and 16 July 2009 from the 10-m W.M. Keck II Telescope using the near-infrared camera NIRC2 coupled to the Adaptive Optics (AO) system. We track…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Patrick J. Fitzpatrick , Imke de Pater , Statia Luszcz-Cook , Michael H. Wong , Heidi B. Hammel

We present new estimates of the brightness temperatures of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune based on the measurements carried in 2009--2013 by PLANCK/LFI at 30, 44, and 70 GHz and released to the public in 2018. This work extends the…

We have obtained deep optical spectrophotometry of 16 planetary nebulae in M33, mostly located in the central two kpc of the galaxy, with the Subaru and Keck telescopes. We have derived electron temperatures and chemical abundances from the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Fabio Bresolin , Grazyna Stasinska , Jose M. Vilchez , Josh D. Simon , Erik Rosolowsky

Observations of the Pluto-Charon system, acquired with the ALMA interferometer on June 12-13, 2015, have yielded a detection of the CO(3-2) and HCN(4-3) rotational transitions from Pluto, providing a strong confirmation of the presence of…

With no analogues in the Solar System, the discovery of thousands of exoplanets with masses and radii intermediate between Earth and Neptune was one of the big surprises of exoplanet science. These super-Earths and sub-Neptunes likely…