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ESA's hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray observatory INTEGRAL is covering the 3 keV to 10 MeV energy band, with excellent sensitivity during long and uninterrupted observations of a large field of view (~100 square degrees), with ms time…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-10-31 Christoph Winkler , Roland Diehl , Pietro Ubertini , Jörn Wilms

The INTEGRAL hard X-ray surveys have proven to be of fundamental importance. INTEGRAL has mapped the Galactic plane with its large field of view and excellent sensitivity. Such hard X-ray snapshots of the whole Milky Way on a time scale of…

INTEGRAL is an ESA mission in fundamental astrophysics that was launched in October 2002. It has been in orbit for over 18 years, during which it has been observing the high-energy sky with a set of instruments specifically designed to…

INTEGRAL is a hard X-ray/gamma-ray observatory for astrophysics (ESA) covering photon energies from 15 keV to 10 MeV. It was launched in 2002 and since then the BGO detectors of the Anti-Coincidence shield (ACS) of the SPI spectrometer have…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-22 Rosa Rodríguez-Gasén , Jürgen Kiener , Vincent Tatischeff , Nicole Vilmer , Clarisse Hamadache , Karl-Ludwig Klein

The INTEGRAL satellite, which studies the Universe in the hard X-ray and soft Gamma-ray domain, has been operational for 5 years now. The X-ray telescopes, which use the coded mask technique, provide unprecedented spectral and imaging…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Volker Beckmann

A new series of Earth occultation observations has been started in 2012 to refine the determination of the cosmic X-ray background by the INTEGRAL mission. We show here that the new detector lightcurves in the 3 to 160 keV range differ from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-02-27 M. Türler , N. Produit , L. Pavan , C. Ferrigno , P. Bordas

After more than six and half years in orbit, the ESA space observatory INTEGRAL has provided new, exciting results in the soft gamma-ray energy range (from a few keV to a few MeV). With the discovery of about 700 hard X-Ray sources, it has…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-28 P. Ubertini , A. Corsi , S. Foley , S. McGlynn , G. De Cesare , A. Bazzano

Seven years of successful observations of the sky have been completed within the INTEGRAL mission, in the transition regime between X-rays and gamma-rays from ~10-8000 keV. Initially-agreed mission goals have been pursued, and both…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-05-10 Roland Diehl

With the unequalled INTEGRAL observatory, ESA has provided a unique tool to the astronomical community that has made Europe the world leader in the field of gamma-ray astronomy. INTEGRAL provides an unprecedented survey of the soft…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Jürgen Knödlseder

Cosmic objects emit throughout the electro-magnetic spectrum, from radio waves to very high-energy gamma rays. Some spectral regions can be observed from the ground, but space instrumentation is needed for most of them. Some spectral…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 Thierry J. -L. Courvoisier

With the launch of ESA's INTEGRAL satellite in october 2002, a gamma-ray observatory will be placed in orbit providing a multiwavelength coverage from a few keV up to 10 MeV for the study of high energy phenomena in the universe. Among the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jurgen Knodlseder

During the Core Programme, INTEGRAL has surveyed a large portion of the sky (around 9000 square degrees); although INTEGRAL is not optimized for extra-galactic studies its observations have nevertheless given us the opportunity to explore…

We study the spectrum of the cosmic X-ray background (CXB) in energy range $\sim$5-100 keV. Early in 2006 the INTEGRAL observatory performed a series of four 30ksec observations with the Earth disk crossing the field of view of the…

Despite being a general observatory, and not a Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) oriented mission, INTEGRAL has contributed to several important discoveries in the GRB field. This has been obtained thanks to its unprecedented localization…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-02-21 Diego Gotz

ESA's INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) was launched on 17 Oct 2002 at 06:41 CEST. Since then, it has been providing long, uninterrupted observations (up to about 47 hr, or 170 ksec, per satellite orbit of 2.7 days)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-24 Erik Kuulkers , Carlo Ferrigno , Peter Kretschmar , Julia Alfonso-Garzon , Marius Baab , Angela Bazzano , Guillaume Belanger , Ian Benson , Anthony J. Bird , Enrico Bozzo , Soren Brandt , Elliott Coe , Isabel Caballero , Floriane Cangemi , Jerome Chenevez , Bradley Cenko , Nebil Cinar , Alexis Coleiro , Stefano De Padova , Roland Diehl , Claudia Dietze , Albert Domingo , Mark Drapes , Eleonora D'uva , Matthias Ehle , Jacobo Ebrero , Mithrajith Edirimanne , Natan A. Eismont , Timothy Finn , Mariateresa Fiocchi , Elena Garcia Tomas , Gianluca Gaudenzi , Thomas Godard , Andrea Goldwurm , Diego Gotz , Christian Gouiffes , Sergei A. Grebenev , Jochen Greiner , Aleksandra Gros , Lorraine Hanlon , Wim Hermsen , Cristina Hernandez , Margarita Hernanz , Jutta Huebner , Elisabeth Jourdain , Giovanni La Rosa , Claudio Labanti , Philippe Laurent , Alexander Lehanka , Niels Lund , James Madison , Julien Malzac , Jim Martin , J. Miguel Mas-Hesse , Brian McBreen , Alastair McDonald , Julie McEnery , Sandro Mereghetti , Lorenzo Natalucci , Jan-Uwe Ness , Carol Anne Oxborrow , John Palmer , Sibylle Peschke , Francesco Petrucciani , Norbert Pfeil , Michael Reichenbaecher , James Rodi , Jerome Rodriguez , Jean-Pierre Roques , Emilio Salazar Donate , Dave Salt , Celia Sanchez-Fernandez , Aymeric Sauvageon , Volodymyr Savchenko , Sergey Yu. Sazonov , Stefano Scaglioni , Norbert Schartel , Thomas Siegert , Richard Southworth , Rashid A. Sunyaev , Liviu Toma , Pietro Ubertini , Ed P. J. van den Heuvel , Andreas von Kienlin , Nikolai von Krusenstiern , Christoph Winkler , Hajdas Wojciech , Ugo Zannoni

With the INTEGRAL observatory, ESA has provided a unique tool to the astronomical community revealing hundreds of sources, new classes of objects, extraordinary views of antimatter annihilation in our Galaxy, and fingerprints of recent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Jürgen KnÖdlseder

In the last 25 years, a new generation of X-ray satellites imparted a significant leap forward in our knowledge of X-ray pulsars. The discovery of accreting and transitional millisecond pulsars proved that disk accretion can spin up a…

After the first nine years of INTEGRAL operational life, the discovery of new sources and source types, a large fraction of which are highly transient or highly absorbed, is certainly one of the most compelling results and legacies of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 Mariateresa Fiocchi , Lorenzo Natalucci

The gamma-ray observatory INTEGRAL, launched in October 2002, produces a wealth of discoveries and new results on compact high energy Galactic objects, nuclear gamma-ray line emission, diffuse line and continuum emission, cosmic background…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Christoph Winkler

The INTEGRAL satellite, in orbit since October 2002, has significantly contributed to the study of magnetars and, thanks to its unique capabilities for the study of transient gamma-ray phenomena, it is now playing an important role in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-15 Sandro Mereghetti
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