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The orbital architecture of the Solar System is thought to have been sculpted by a dynamical instability among the giant planets. During the instability a primordial outer disk of planetesimals was destabilized and ended up on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-25 Sean N. Raymond , Nathan A. Kaib , Philip J. Armitage , Jonathan J. Fortney

The size distribution and total mass of objects in the Oort Cloud have important implications to the theory of planets formation, including the properties of, and the processes taking place in the early solar system. We discuss the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Eran O. Ofek , Ehud Nakar

The outer solar system is populated by a broad aggregate of minor bodies, which occupy orbits whose dynamical character ranges from long-term stable to rapidly diffusive. We investigate the chaotic properties of known distant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-23 Gabriele Pichierri , Konstantin Batygin

The observed unusual behaviors of the orbits of Trans-Neptunian objects as well as the gravitational anomalies detected by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment can be explained by assuming the existence of a ninth planet in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-06 Tiberiu Harko

Most stars form in dense stellar environments, where frequent close encounters can strongly perturb and reshape the early architecture of planetary systems. The solar system, with its rich population of distant comets, provides a natural…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-28 Santiago Torres

We explore the distant giant planet hypothesis by integrating the large semi-major axis, large pericenter Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) in the presence of the giant planets and an external perturber whose orbit is consistent with the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 C. Shankman , JJ Kavelaars , S. M. Lawler , B. J. Gladman , M. T. Bannister

Correlations in the orbits of several minor planets in the outer solar system suggest the presence of a remote, massive Planet Nine. With at least ten times the mass of the Earth and a perihelion well beyond 100 AU, Planet Nine poses a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-27 Benjamin C. Bromley , Scott J. Kenyon

In the outer solar system, the Kuiper Belt contains dynamical sub-populations sculpted by a combination of planet formation and migration and gravitational perturbations from the present-day giant planet configuration. The subdivision of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-09 Rachel A. Smullen , Kathryn Volk

The Planet Nine hypothesis has now enough constraints to deserve further attention in the form of detailed numerical experiments. The results of such studies can help us improve our understanding of the dynamical effects of such a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-02 C. de la Fuente Marcos , R. de la Fuente Marcos , S. J. Aarseth

Inward migration of giant planets is predicted by hydrodynamical simulations during the gas phase of the protoplanetary disc. The phenomenon is also invoked to explain resonant and near-resonant exoplanetary system structures. The early…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Simona Pirani , Anders Johansen , Alexander J. Mustill

We simulate the formation and evolution of Oort clouds around the 200 nearest stars (within 16pc according to the Gaia DR2) database. This study is performed by numerically integrating the planets and minor bodies in orbit around the parent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-24 Simon Portegies Zwart

The Edgeworth-Kuiper belt encodes the dynamical history of the outer solar system. Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) bear witness to coagulation physics, the evolution of planetary orbits, and external perturbations from the solar neighborhood. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Chiang , Y. Lithwick , R. Murray-Clay , M. Buie , W. Grundy , M. Holman

The orbits of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) can indicate the existence of an undiscovered planet in the outer solar system. Here, we used N-body computer simulations to investigate the effects of a hypothetical Kuiper Belt planet (KBP) on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-29 Patryk Sofia Lykawka , Takashi Ito

The distribution of the orbital elements of the known extreme trans-Neptunian objects or ETNOs has been found to be statistically incompatible with that of an unperturbed asteroid population following heliocentric or, better, barycentric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-23 C. de la Fuente Marcos , R. de la Fuente Marcos

The Kuiper belt is a population of icy bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. The complex orbital structure of the Kuiper belt, including several categories of objects inside and outside of resonances with Neptune, emerged as a result of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-13 David Nesvorny , David Vokrouhlicky

Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) in the scattered disk with 50 < a < 100 au are thought to cluster near Neptune's n:1 resonances (e.g: 3:1, 4:1, and so on). While these objects spend lengthy periods of time at large heliocentric distances, if…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Matthew S. Clement , Scott S. Sheppard

The Oort Cloud, the Kuiper Belt and the Scattered Disk are dynamically distinct populations of small bodies evolving in the outer regions of the Solar System. Whereas their collisional activity is now quiet, gravitational interactions with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-19 S. Charnoz A. Morbidelli

The Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) exhibit an orbital clustering of the outer planets lying at perihelion distances larger than Neptune and semimajor axes greater than 150 AU from the Sun. This implies a hitherto unknown dynamical mechanism to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-03-02 Babur M. Mirza

Dawson and Murray-Clay (2012) pointed out that the inner part of the cold population in the Kuiper belt (that with semi major axis a<43.5 AU) has orbital eccentricities significantly smaller than the limit imposed by stability constraints.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 A. Morbidelli , H. S. Gaspar , D. Nesvorny