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A marked free monoid morphism is a morphism for which the image of each generator starts with a different letter, and immersions are the analogous maps in free groups. We show that the (simultaneous) PCP is decidable for immersions of free…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-11 Laura Ciobanu , Alan D. Logan

Post's Correspondence Problem (the PCP) is a classical decision problem in theoretical computer science that asks whether for pairs of free monoid morphisms $g, h\colon\Sigma^*\to\Delta^*$ there exists any non-trivial $x\in\Sigma^*$ such…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Laura Ciobanu , Alex Levine , Alan D. Logan

We define the symmetric Post Correspondence Problem (PCP) and prove that it is undecidable. As an application we show that the original proof of undecidability of the freeness problem for 3-by-3 integer matrix semigroups works for the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-14 J. C. Birget , A. L. Talambutsa

Correspondence homomorphisms are both a generalization of standard homomorphisms and a generalization of correspondence colourings. For a fixed target graph $H$, the problem is to decide whether an input graph $G$, with each edge labeled by…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Tomas Feder , Pavol Hell

We generalize the classical Post correspondence problem ($\mathbf{PCP}_n$) and its non-homogeneous variation ($\mathbf{GPCP}_n$) to non-commutative groups and study the computational complexity of these new problems. We observe that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-08-12 Alexei Myasnikov , Andrey Nikolaev , Alexander Ushakov

We show that the freeness problems for automaton semigroups and for automaton monoids are undecidable and, thereby, solve an open problem listed by Grigorchuk, Nekrashevych and Sush\-chansk\u{\i}i. We achieve this using a new technique to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Daniele D'Angeli , Emanuele Rodaro , Jan Philipp Wächter

We study two modifications of the Post Correspondence Problem (PCP), namely 1) the bi-infinite version, where it is asked whether there exists a bi-infinite word such that two given morphisms agree on it, and 2) the conjugate version, where…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Olivier Finkel , Vesa Halava , Tero Harju , Esa Sahla

We present an algorithmic approach to the conjugacy problems in monoids and semigroups, using rewriting systems. There is a class of monoids and semigroups that satisfy the condition that the transposi- tion problem and the left and right…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-11-04 Fabienne Chouraqui

Let $F$ be a free group of finite rank. We say that the monomorphism problem in $F$ is decidable if for any two elements $u$ and $v$ in $F$, there is an algorithm that determines whether there exists a monomorphism of $F$ that sends $u$ to…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-10-13 Laura Ciobanu , Abderezak Ould Houcine

The equaliser of a set of homomorphisms $S: F(a, b)\rightarrow F(\Delta)$ has rank at most two if $S$ contains an injective map, and is not finitely generated otherwise. This proves a strong form of Stallings' Equaliser Conjecture for the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-10 Alan D. Logan

For every fixed class of regular languages, there is a natural hierarchy of increasingly more general problems: Firstly, the membership problem asks whether a given language belongs to the fixed class of languages. Secondly, the separation…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Viktor Henriksson , Manfred Kufleitner

We prove that, although it is undecidable if a subgroup fixed by an automorphism intersects nontrivially an arbitrary subgroup of $F_n\times F_m$, there is an algorithm that, taking as input a monomorphism and an endomorphism of $F_n\times…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-23 André Carvalho

Mathematical proofs are often said to justify their conclusions by indicating the existence of a corresponding formal derivation. We argue that this widespread view relies on an under-examined notion of correspondence, or what it means for…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Simon DeDeo , Eamon Duede

Correspondence is a ubiquitous problem in computer vision and graph matching has been a natural way to formalize correspondence as an optimization problem. Recently, graph matching solvers have included higher-order terms representing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-05-27 Mayank Bansal , Kostas Daniilidis

We give an algorithm to solve the Conjugacy Problem for ascending HNN-extensions of free groups. To do this, we give algorithms to solve certain problems on dynamics of free group endomorphisms.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Alan D. Logan

Part 1 : We remark that the conjugacy problem for pairs of hyperbolic au- tomorphisms of a finitely presented group (typically a free group) is decidable. The solution that we propose uses the isomorphism problem for the suspensions, and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-20 François Dahmani

We investigate a version of the Green correspondence for categories of complexes, including homotopy categories and derived categories. The correspondence is an equivalence between a category defined over a finite group $G$ and the same for…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Jon F. Carlson , Lizhong Wang , Jiping Zhang

We introduce the concept of a threefold Post correspondence system (3PCS for short) and we consider it as an instance of the threefold Post correspondence problem. With each 3PCS, we associate three Post correspondence systems, i.e., three…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-09-04 Sandor Vagvolgyi

We study a free boundary problem which arises as the continuum version of a stochastic particles system in the context of Fourier law. Local existence and uniqueness of the classical solution are well known in the literature of free…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-06-11 Gioia Carinci , Anna De Masi , Cristian Giardina' , Errico Presutti

We study equalizers and fixed points of monomorphisms of free groups at infinity. We show that the action of the equalizer of two monomorphisms on the regular points of the equalizer at infinity has finitely many orbits, showing that the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-02 André Carvalho , Pedro V. Silva
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