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It is proved that Ulrich modules exist for a large class of local rings of dimension two. This complements earlier work of the authors and Ziquan Zhuang that described complete intersection domains of dimension two that admit no Ulrich…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-10-06 Srikanth B. Iyengar , Linquan Ma , Mark E. Walker

Over a Cohen-Macaulay local ring, the minimal number of generators of a maximal Cohen-Macaulay module is bounded above by its multiplicity. In 1984 Ulrich asked whether there always exist modules for which equality holds; such modules are…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-03-13 Srikanth B. Iyengar , Linquan Ma , Mark E. Walker , Ziquan Zhuang

The long standing Lech's conjecture in commutative algebra states that for a flat local extension $(R,\mathfrak{m})\to (S,\mathfrak{n})$ of Noetherian local rings, we have an inequality on the Hilbert--Samuel multiplicities: $e(R)\leq…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-08-16 Linquan Ma

Let R be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring. In this paper we study the structure of Ulrich $R$-modules mainly in the case where R has minimal multiplicity. We explore generation of Ulrich R-modules, and clarify when the Ulrich R-modules are…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2017-11-03 Toshinori Kobayashi , Ryo Takahashi

We analyze whether Ulrich modules, not necessarily maximal CM (Cohen-Macaulay), can be used as test modules, which detect finite homological dimensions of modules. We prove that Ulrich modules over CM local rings have maximal complexity and…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-10-18 Souvik Dey , Dipankar Ghosh

A local Cohen--Macaulay ring is called Ulrich-split if any short exact sequence of Ulrich modules split. In this paper we initiate the study of Ulrich split rings. We prove several necessary or sufficient criteria for this property, linking…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Hailong Dao , Souvik Dey , Monalisa Dutta

This work concerns finite free complexes with finite length homology over a commutative noetherian local ring $R$. The focus is on complexes that have length $\mathrm{dim}\, R$, which is the smallest possible value, and in particular on…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-08-24 Srikanth B. Iyengar , Linquan Ma , Mark E. Walker

We study a modified version of the classical Ulrich modules, which we call $c$-Ulrich. Unlike the traditional setting, $c$-Ulrich modules always exist. We prove that these modules retain many of the essential properties and applications…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-08-30 Ela Celikbas , Olgur Celikbas , Justin Lyle , Ryo Takahashi , Yongwei Yao

The main aim of this paper is to classify Ulrich ideals and Ulrich modules over two-dimensional Gorenstein rational singularities (rational double points) from a geometric point of view. To achieve this purpose, we introduce the notion of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2013-07-09 Shiro Goto , Kazuho Ozeki , Ryo Takahashi , Kei-ichi Watanabe , Ken-ichi Yoshida

In this paper we study Ulrich ideals of and Ulrich modules over Cohen--Macaulay local rings from various points of view. We determine the structure of minimal free resolutions of Ulrich modules and their associated graded modules, and…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2013-06-07 Shiro Goto , Kazuho Ozeki , Ryo Takahashi , Kei-ichi Watanabe , Ken-ichi Yoshida

We establish the existence of global weak solutions of the 2D incompressible Euler equation, for a large class of non-smooth open sets. These open sets are the complements (in a simply connected domain) of a finite number of connected…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-01-03 David Gérard-Varet , Christophe Lacave

We study finitely generated modules of minimal multiplicity, a notion introduced by Puthenpurakal that extends the classical concept of minimal multiplicity from rings to modules. Our main result characterizes when trace ideals or reflexive…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Ela Celikbas , Olgur Celikbas , Naoki Endo , Shinya Kumashiro

In this paper we further develop the theory of generalized Ulrich modules introduced in 2014 by Goto et al. Our main goal is to address the problem of when the operations of taking the Hom functor and horizontal linkage preserve the Ulrich…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Cleto B. Miranda-Neto , Douglas S. Queiroz , Thyago S. Souza

A weak basis of a module is a generating set of the module minimal with respect to inclusion. A module is said to be regularly weakly based provided that each of its generating sets contain a weak basis. In the paper we study (1) rings over…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-01-25 Michal Hrbek , Pavel Růžička

We introduce and study a nontrivial generalization of uniserial modules and rings. A module is called weakly uniserial if its submodules are comparable regarding embedding. Also, a right (resp., left) weakly uniserial ring is a ring which…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-11-20 Saba Shirzadi , Reza Beyranvand , Ali Moradzadeh-Dehkordi

We introduce the notion of a lim Cohen-Macaulay sequence of modules. We prove the existence of such sequences in positive characteristic, and show that their existence in mixed characteristic implies the long open conjecture about…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-10-25 Bhargav Bhatt , Melvin Hochster , Linquan Ma

This paper is a follow-up of article [Gerard-Varet and Lacave, ARMA 2013], on the existence of global weak solutions to the two dimensional Euler equations in singular domains. In [Gerard-Varet and Lacave, ARMA 2013], we have established…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-18 David Gérard-Varet , Christophe Lacave

The structure of the complex $\operatorname{\mathbf{R}Hom}_R(R/I,R)$ is explored for an Ulrich ideal $I$ in a Cohen-Macaulay local ring $R$. As a consequence, it is proved that in a one-dimensional almost Gorenstein but non-Gorenstein local…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2016-05-17 Shiro Goto , Ryo Takahashi , Naoki Taniguchi

This article establishes the existence of weak solutions for a class of mixed local-nonlocal problems with pure and perturbed singular nonlinearities. A key novelty is the treatment of variable singular exponents alongside measure-valued…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Sanjit Biswas , Prashanta Garain

In this short note, we study the existence problem for Ulrich bundles on ruled surfaces, focusing our attention on the smallest possible rank. We show that existence of Ulrich line bundles occurs if and only if the coefficient $\alpha$ of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Marian Aprodu , Laura Costa , Rosa Maria Miro-Roig
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