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Efficient simulation of interacting fermionic systems is a key application of near-term quantum computers, but is hindered by the overhead required to encode fermionic operators on qubit hardware. Here, we consider models with $N$ fermionic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Reinis Irmejs , J. Ignacio Cirac

We investigate the generation of quantum states for precision metrology in noisy two-level systems. These states are obtained by optimizing a variational quantum circuit to maximize the quantum Fisher information (QFI) of the output state…

Quantum simulations of electronic structure and strongly correlated quantum phases are widely regarded as among the most promising applications of quantum computing. These computations naturally benefit from native fermionic encodings,…

The ground state search problem is central to quantum computing, with applications spanning quantum chemistry, condensed matter physics, and optimization. The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) has shown promise for small systems but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Alexander Holden , Moinul Hossain Rahat , Nii Osae Osae Dade

Strongly-correlated quantum many-body systems are difficult to study and simulate classically. We recently proposed a variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) based on the multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA) with tensors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Qiang Miao , Thomas Barthel

Quantum computers are a revolutionary class of computational platforms with applications in combinatorial and global optimization, machine learning, and other domains involving computationally hard problems. While these machines typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Aditya Sodhani , Keshab K. Parhi

We discuss encodings of fermionic many-body systems by qubits in the presence of symmetries. Such encodings eliminate redundant degrees of freedom in a way that preserves a simple structure of the system Hamiltonian enabling quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-31 Sergey Bravyi , Jay M. Gambetta , Antonio Mezzacapo , Kristan Temme

Simulation of fermionic Hamiltonians with gate-based quantum computers requires the selection of an encoding from fermionic operators to quantum gates, the most widely used being the Jordan-Wigner transform. Many alternative encodings…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Michael Williams de la Bastida , Thomas M. Bickley , Peter V. Coveney

Hybrid variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are promising for solving practical problems such as combinatorial optimization, quantum chemistry simulation, quantum machine learning, and quantum error correction on noisy quantum computers.…

A programmable quantum device that has a large number of qubits without fault-tolerance has emerged recently. Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most promising ways to utilize the computational power of such devices to…

We formulate and implement the Variational Quantum Eigensolver Self Consistent Field (VQE-SCF) algorithm in combination with polarizable embedding (PE), thereby extending PE to the regime of quantum computing. We test the resulting…

Conventional Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs) for Quantum Machine Learning typically rely on a fixed Hermitian observable, often built from Pauli operators. Inspired by the Heisenberg picture, we propose an adaptive non-local measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Hsin-Yi Lin , Huan-Hsin Tseng , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Shinjae Yoo

The variational quantum eigensolver (or VQE) uses the variational principle to compute the ground state energy of a Hamiltonian, a problem that is central to quantum chemistry and condensed matter physics. Conventional computing methods are…

Simulation of fermionic systems is one of the most promising applications of quantum computers. It spans problems in quantum chemistry, high-energy physics and condensed matter. Underpinning the core steps of any quantum simulation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Mitchell Chiew , Cameron Ibrahim , Ilya Safro , Sergii Strelchuk

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is an attracting possible application of near-term quantum computers. Originally, the aim of the VQE is to find a ground state for a given specific Hamiltonian. It is achieved by minimizing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-30 Kosuke Mitarai , Tennin Yan , Keisuke Fujii

Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising algorithm for near-term quantum machines. It can be used to estimate the ground state energy of a molecule by performing separate measurements of $O(N^4)$ terms. Several recent papers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-02 Pranav Gokhale , Frederic T. Chong

We study fermionic and bosonic systems coupled to a real or synthetic static gauge field that is quantized, so the field itself is a quantum degree of freedom and can exist in coherent superposition. A natural example is electrons on a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Adel Ali , Alexey Belyanin

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a Variational Quantum Algorithm (VQA) to determine the ground state of quantum-mechanical systems. As a VQA, it makes use of a classical computer to optimize parameter values for its quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Felix Truger , Johanna Barzen , Frank Leymann , Julian Obst

We present the enhanced feature quantum autoencoder, or EF-QAE, a variational quantum algorithm capable of compressing quantum states of different models with higher fidelity. The key idea of the algorithm is to define a parameterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-13 Carlos Bravo-Prieto

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are a modern family of quantum algorithms designed to solve optimization problems using a quantum computer. Typically VQAs rely on a feedback loop between the quantum device and a classical optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-26 Alexey Uvarov