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We present a general dilation scheme for quantum instruments with continuous outcome space in finite dimensions, in terms of an indirect POVM measurement performed on a finite dimensional ancilla. The general result is then applied to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-14 Giulio Chiribella , Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Paolo Perinotti

Generalized measurement schemes on one part of bipartite states, which would leave the set of all separable states insensitive are explored here to understand quantumness of correlations in a more general perspecitve. This is done by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-04 A. R. Usha Devi , A. K. Rajagopal , Sudha

Quantum instruments describe both the classical outcome and the updated state associated with a quantum measurement. We ask whether these processes can be simulated using only a natural subset of resources, namely projective measurements on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Shishir Khandelwal , Armin Tavakoli

We address the problem of constructing positive operator-valued measures (POVMs) in finite dimension $n$ consisting of $n^2$ operators of rank one which have an inner product close to uniform. This is motivated by the related question of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Andreas Klappenecker , Martin Roetteler , Igor Shparlinski , Arne Winterhof

To mitigate dissipative effects from environmental interactions and efficiently stabilize quantum states, time-optimal control has emerged as an effective strategy for open quantum systems. This paper extends the framework by incorporating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Yunyan Lee , Ian R. Petersen , Daoyi Dong

Generalized quantum measurements play a crucial role in quantum mechanics, and symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measurements (SIC POVMs) provide a powerful and flexible framework for extracting information from…

We report an experimental implementation of a single-qubit generalised measurement scenario(POVM) based on a quantum walk model. The qubit is encoded in a single-photon polarisation. The photon performs a quantum walk on an array of optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-22 Yuan-yuan Zhao , Neng-kun Yu , Pawe Kurzynski , Guo-yong Xiang , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Readout error models for noisy quantum devices almost universally assume that measurement noise is classical: the measurement statistics are obtained from the ideal computational-basis populations by a column-stochastic assignment matrix…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Zachariah Malik , Quinn Langfitt , Zain Saleem

Localizable measurements are joint quantum measurements that can be implemented using only non-adaptive local operations and shared entanglement. We provide a protocol-independent characterization of localizable projection-valued measures…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Seiseki Akibue , Jisho Miyazaki

Generalized quantum measurements (also known as POVMs) are of great importance in quantum information and quantum foundations, but often difficult to perform. We present an experimental approach which can in principle be used to perform…

In this paper we shall introduce the mathematical framework for the description of measurements of quantum processes. Using this framework the process estimation problems can be treated in the similar way as the state estimation problems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Mario Ziman

We present a new method to measure the work $w$ performed on a driven quantum system and to sample its probability distribution $P(w)$. The method is based on a simple fact that remained unnoticed until now: Work on a quantum system can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Augusto J. Roncaglia , Federico Cerisola , Juan Pablo Paz

Quantum computers solve ever more complex tasks using steadily growing system sizes. Characterizing these quantum systems is vital, yet becoming increasingly challenging. The gold-standard is quantum state tomography (QST), capable of fully…

In quantum estimation for a $d$-parameter family of density operators on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$, an estimator is specified by a pair $\left(M,\hat{\theta}\right)$, where $M$ is a POVM with a finite outcome set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Koichi Yamagata

Superposition is the core feature that sets quantum theory apart from classical physics. Here, we investigate whether sets of quantum measurements can be modelled by using only devices that are operationally classical, in the sense that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Gabriele Cobucci , Alexander Bernal , Roope Uola , Armin Tavakoli

Here we propose an implementation of all possible Positive Operator Value Measures (POVMs) of two-photon polarization states. POVMs are the most general class of quantum measurements. Our setup requires linear optics, Bell State…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. E. Ahnert , M. C. Payne

We address measurement schemes where certain observables are chosen at random within a set of non-degenerate isospectral observables and then measured on repeated preparations of a physical system. Each observable has a given probability to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Carlo Sparaciari , Matteo G. A. Paris

Quantum coherence is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics and an underlying requirement for most quantum information tasks. In the resource theory of coherence, incoherent states are diagonal with respect to a fixed orthonormal basis,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-18 Felix Bischof , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

Quantum coherence is a fundamental feature of quantum physics and plays a significant role in quantum information processing. By generalizing the resource theory of coherence from von Neumann measurements to positive operator-valued…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-12 Meng-Li Guo , Jin-Min Liang , Bo Li , Shao-Ming Fei , Zhi-Xi Wang

We discuss the problem of implementing generalized measurements (POVMs) with linear optics, either based upon a static linear array or including conditional dynamics. In our approach, a given POVM shall be identified as a solution to an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 Peter van Loock , Kae Nemoto , William J. Munro , Philippe Raynal , Norbert Lütkenhaus