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We present Tactician, a tactic learner and prover for the Coq Proof Assistant. Tactician helps users make tactical proof decisions while they retain control over the general proof strategy. To this end, Tactician learns from previously…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Lasse Blaauwbroek , Josef Urban , Herman Geuvers

The Tactician's Web is a platform offering a large web of strongly interconnected, machine-checked, formal mathematical knowledge conveniently packaged for machine learning, analytics, and proof engineering. Built on top of the Coq proof…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Lasse Blaauwbroek

We present a system that utilizes machine learning for tactic proof search in the Coq Proof Assistant. In a similar vein as the TacticToe project for HOL4, our system predicts appropriate tactics and finds proofs in the form of tactic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Lasse Blaauwbroek , Josef Urban , Herman Geuvers

In proof assistants, the physical proximity between two formal mathematical concepts is a strong predictor of their mutual relevance. Furthermore, lemmas with close proximity regularly exhibit similar proof structures. We show that this…

We report the results of the first experiments with learning proof dependencies from the formalizations done with the Coq system. We explain the process of obtaining the dependencies from the Coq proofs, the characterization of formulas…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-10-22 Cezary Kaliszyk , Lionel Mamane , Josef Urban

Humans prove theorems by relying on substantial high-level reasoning and problem-specific insights. Proof assistants offer a formalism that resembles human mathematical reasoning, representing theorems in higher-order logic and proofs as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Kaiyu Yang , Jia Deng

The Coq Platform is a continuously developed distribution of the Coq proof assistant together with commonly used libraries, plugins, and external tools useful in Coq-based formal verification projects. The Coq Platform enables reproducing…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Karl Palmskog , Enrico Tassi , Théo Zimmermann

We have developed an alternative approach to teaching computer science students how to prove. First, students are taught how to prove theorems with the Coq proof assistant. In a second, more difficult, step students will transfer their…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Sebastian Böhne , Christoph Kreitz

Proof assistants enable users to develop machine-checked proofs regarding software-related properties. Unfortunately, the interactive nature of these proof assistants imposes most of the proof burden on the user, making formal verification…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Pedro Carrott , Nuno Saavedra , Kyle Thompson , Sorin Lerner , João F. Ferreira , Emily First

In this paper, we introduce a system called GamePad that can be used to explore the application of machine learning methods to theorem proving in the Coq proof assistant. Interactive theorem provers such as Coq enable users to construct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Daniel Huang , Prafulla Dhariwal , Dawn Song , Ilya Sutskever

We report on the development of an optimized and verified decision procedure for orthologic equalities and inequalities. This decision procedure is quadratic-time and is used as a sound, efficient and predictable approximation to classical…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Simon Guilloud , Clément Pit-Claudel

Several approaches exist to data-mining big corpora of formal proofs. Some of these approaches are based on statistical machine learning, and some -- on theory exploration. However, most are developed for either untyped or simply-typed…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-05-23 Ekaterina Komendantskaya , Jonathan Heras

Enabling more concise and modular proofs is essential for advancing formal reasoning using interactive theorem provers (ITPs). Since many ITPs, such as Rocq and Lean, use tactic-style proofs, learning higher-level custom tactics is crucial…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yutong Xin , Jimmy Xin , Gabriel Poesia , Noah Goodman , Qiaochu Chen , Isil Dillig

Formally verifying the correctness of mathematical proofs is more accessible than ever, however, the learning curve remains steep for many of the state-of-the-art interactive theorem provers (ITP). Deriving the most appropriate subsequent…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Liao Zhang , David M. Cerna , Cezary Kaliszyk

We present Q-chunking, a simple yet effective recipe for improving reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms for long-horizon, sparse-reward tasks. Our recipe is designed for the offline-to-online RL setting, where the goal is to leverage an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Qiyang Li , Zhiyuan Zhou , Sergey Levine

Online field experiments are the gold-standard way of evaluating changes to real-world interactive machine learning systems. Yet our ability to explore complex, multi-dimensional policy spaces - such as those found in recommendation and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-30 Benjamin Letham , Eytan Bakshy

For performance and verification in machine learning, new methods have recently been proposed that optimise learning systems to satisfy formally expressed logical properties. Among these methods, differentiable logics (DLs) are used to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Reynald Affeldt , Alessandro Bruni , Ekaterina Komendantskaya , Natalia Ślusarz , Kathrin Stark

This paper presents an online reinforcement-learning framework for safe gain scheduling of a nonlinear quadcopter controller. Rather than learning thrust and torque commands directly, the proposed method selects gain vectors online from a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Muhammad Junayed Hasan Zahed , Chieh Tsai , Salim Hariri , Hossein Rastgoftar

In the realm of formal theorem proving, the Coq proof assistant stands out for its rigorous approach to verifying mathematical assertions and software correctness. Despite the advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Andreas Florath

This study has proposed an E-textbook platform, MetaCQ, which integrates ITS and OLM to enable users to monitor their study progress. The platform adopts a chatbot to generate MCQs and manage learners' study data and their learning model.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Beier Wang , Xueting Huang
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